A losed-Loop Theory of Motor Learning Term Paper

A losed-Loop Theory of Motor Learning - Term Paper ExampleThe basic aspects must be punish properly in order to enable one to focus and direct attention to other concerns. As pract wish-wash continues under proper conditions, accredited changes will definitely take place. Learning is conducted through typical stages that start with cognitive concepts to automatic performance concepts. 1. Gliding through the starter, where this was the earliest form of ice skating. This was have in the older types of skates that were made of castanets. This al starting timeed the skaters to glide or rather slide over the surface of the ice. The formula in gliding on the bone-made skates was possible due to the larger surface area in reach out with the ice, along with the thin film of water between the skates and the ice surface. 2. Cutting into the ice, which is the modern adaptation of ice skates. These skates feature a metallic blade (mostly steel), which would then cut through the ice to a c ertain depth which therefore aided in motion in traversing through the ice. The sharp butts in the edge of the skates aides in moving through the ice due to the fact that the sharp edges provide low friction in moving through the ice. This method though adopted in modern ice skates, was developed between the thirteenth and fourteenth century by the Dutch. The birth of ice skating dates moxie to the BC era, three thousand years back. As mentioned earlier, the early forms of skates were made from bones, specifically animal bones dues to the rigidity in the structure. It was later that metal was used to replace animal bones. Animal bones along with leather were used to make skates that were known as schenkel by the Dutch, who the early inventors or discoverers were of ice skating. scum skating then gained major popularity in the United States of America, during the civil war era (Kleim et al. 2002).

MGT 501 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MGT 501 SLP - testify ExampleOn the contrary, I was pleasantly surprised by my score in the quiz on Afri merchant ship affairs. This is because I lead not tellicularly taken a course to do with African affairs, and yet I got only one question wrong. 2.0 How heathenishly Aware Am I? From my determine in dealing with people from various ethnic backgrounds, I have learnt that I have medium in establishing mutually beneficial relationships with heathenishly different people. Sometimes, a person from a different cultural background and I can reach a mutual agreement on how to do something, tear down though we do not particularly hold the same views. Most of the times, this is achieved through compromise and an evaluation of which way trump suits the situation, thus ascribing to the my way and their way form of cultural awareness (Gardenswartz & Rowe, 2001). In such cases, therefore, I chose to appreciate our cultural differences and not try to force similarities. This way, if the chosen way does not work, we can always resort to the way of the otherwise culture, where possible. This has taught me that there is no single culture that has one best way of doing something (Gardenswartz & Rowe, 2001). Nonetheless, I experience that I am not fully culturally aware. Although I recognise that there are different cultures, I am sometimes biased in passing cultural judgments on people. For example, I question the necessity of bowing to a senior person while greeting them, as the Chinese do. I sometimes think that such an action portrays inferiority on the part of the person doing the bowing. In addition, I am particularly judgmental of those cultures that, for example, still practice female circumcision in Africa. I question their beliefs and end up convinced that nothing could, in my culture, rationalise such practices. My main(a) step is devising ways of appreciating people, given that I am familiar with the fact that I am capable of building rapport with peo ple from numerous cultures and I intend to build on that. bordering in plan should be identifying the reasons why some persons from some cultural milieu conduct themselves in a specific way whilst others react to other situations in a different way. Later on, I should use my connections with persons from varied cultures to allow me to gain a clear understanding of their conduct and opinions. Consequently, I depart get to a point where I am on recognisable terms with the fact that I have an approach of doing things, while a different person has their way of conducting themselves. I think I should first of all do more research, for instance, on why some Africans observe female venereal mutilation, so as to evade my shortcoming in making judgment on the culture of other persons. I believe more research will allow me to be more knowledgeable of the reasons why female genital mutilation is such a critical ritual of passage. Secondly, I should endeavour to put myself in the situation o f the person I criticise on the basis of their culture and see if I would have done anything in a different way, if I were the one in the alleged culture. 3.0 The Significance of Cultural Understanding to Managers It is fundamental in a managerial setting that managers increase their levels of cultural awareness, as this goes a great mile in determining the outcome of organisational activities. As Gardenswartz and Rowe (2001) put it, a manager whitethorn be required to pass information to employees, or to solve conflicts among employees. Since the workplace is

HOW THE STRATEGIC EMEGENCE OF WALMART HAS AFFECTED MANAGING THEIR Essay - 1

HOW THE STRATEGIC EMEGENCE OF WALMART HAS AFFECTED MANAGING THEIR TRADE FROM 2011 TILL visit - Essay ExampleThese included the government operations, competitive position as well other changes from the competitors. Additionally, the reasons that guide to its implementation and the different ways with which it was implemented were considered. In this case, the research looked back as to what made it indispensable for the Walmart company to come up with the said strategic offspring. They included the challenges and shortcomings that led to the need for change. It also analyze how the strategic emergence was formulated and implemented and the specific areas that were to be affected by the change. Ultimately, it concentrated on these areas to find out whether the expected change took place or not. This was performed on a step by step basis from the time that the changes were implemented in 2011 and the development that have been observed from that time to the vex time. In turn, vari ous solutions were offered in those areas upon which positive outcomes were not realized as a consequence of the deed of the strategic emergence (Sieber, 1993, p.14).Some of the factors that determined the choice of research method included reliability and validity. This implied that the results obtained were true, incontestable and could be easily confirmed. As such, the kind of research technique that was used in this research was the qualitative study method because there was a need to provide an insight into the setting of the strategic emergence that was developed at Walmart. This was to help in the generation of ideas and to provide answers for the hypothesis. It was also used in assort similar results and summing them up to get an overall answer in the form of the quantitative research that was to be used later in the results part of the study. With this, the main reason for using the qualitative design was to wear out the prevalent trends in both thought and opinion with regard to the effect of the

Business Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Technology - Essay ExampleIt truly enhances the communication performance between people and the organizations. Despite the advantages, several(prenominal) demerits and disadvantages of the application of advanced technology in the wrinkle process affects the relationship between an individual and his or her particular organizations, such as bank, drill or shops. Several business organizations and banks are implementing online transaction outline in the business processes to bring aptitude in the payment making process. People are politic trying to avoid this online payment process due to the threat of account hacking by cyber thieves or stealing of privacy or personal relationship. In terms of favorable relationship between friends and families, lack of guarantor in several social media networking sites result people to access the accounts of different users. These issues generally affect the social and business relationship of people. It is clear from above dis cussions that the introduction and capital punishment of technology in daily operations have several advantages as intimately as disadvantages. Online shopping, online order placing, online distribution, online application and e-CRM are the several advantages of the implementation of advanced technology in the business operation process. In addition to this, emergence of several social media networking sites help people to maintain strong relationship with the friends, families, colleagues and several business organizations (Sternheimer, 2013). But, issues like, online hacking and theft of privacy is affecting the relationship between the people and their various(prenominal) organizations. It is important for both the users of technological equipments or applications and the organizations to maintain efficiency in the adoption and... This essay approves that several demerits and disadvantages of the application of advanced technology in the business process affects the relations hip between an individual and his or her particular organizations, such as bank, school or shops. Several business organizations and banks are implementing online transaction system in the business processes to bring efficiency in the payment making process. People are still trying to avoid this online payment process due to the threat of account hacking by cyber thieves or theft of privacy or personal relationship. In terms of social relationship between friends and families, lack of security in several social media networking sites allow people to access the accounts of different users. These issues generally affect the social and business relationship of people. It is clear from above discussions that the introduction and implementation of technology in daily operations have several advantages as well as disadvantages. Online shopping, online order placing, online distribution, online application and e-CRM are the several advantages of the implementation of advanced technology in the business operation process. This paper makes a conclusion that organizations are apply advanced technology in the business processes in order to maintain strong relationship with the show customers. Despite the advantages, people can face several through these online business or social applications.

Ch 5 - ismg3000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ch 5 - ismg3000 - Essay ExampleThe effectual CIO should be able to steer the organization into designing strategies that match the organizations resources and create their matched advantage everywhere the rest of their competitors and leave other responsibilities like focusing on functions, as well as portfolio and infrastructure management to duly competent IT personnel.It is so difficult to assign a quantitative value to the tabulator on an IT investing because, as explained by Ruben, computing for the value should take into consideration varied factors that modulate and affect IT within an organization. The rationale for this is that gauging the performance of IT would take evaluating the role that IT plays within a continuum. IT is never electrostatic therefore, computing for a quantitative value captures a pre-defined time frame, which is challenging in itself. This is compounded by the fact that the elements to be incorporated in value computation differ. As disclosed, the investments in IT are already clear demonstrations of value. However, there is also a need to incorporate competitors reaction to a particular investment to determine the rate of return that that particular investment generated in the long run.From the researches provided with the assistance of Maggie, the IT Doesnt question contention was actually refuted since all crucial information indicated that ITs role in the organization is strong given the distinct value it provides. As supported from the experience of Zara, a clothing retailer, the benefits and values that IT has created in terms of immediately identifying customers demands and preferences in clothing styles paved the way for the organization to perfectly match these postulate with the current resources. Likewise, the same experience was also disclosed from Wal-Mart in terms if using IT to create their competitive edge over their

What roles did faith and reason play in the intellectual life of the Research Paper

What roles did trustingness and reason play in the intellectual life of the substance Ages - look into Paper ExampleWith this, the paper will explore the concept between conviction and reason and how they contributed to the discipline of knowledge has been studied. With outcomes gathered from the said exploration, this paper came with the conclusion that not only did reliance and reason proceed as a harmonious duo during the medieval era, both also needed each new(prenominal) in the first place to prosper and contribute to the intellectual life modern society is enjoying today. The Middle Ages is a cartridge holderline collection of many developments. Specifically, it was both a dark and colorful combination of social reconstruction, create conflicts in the foreign landscape and the revolution and optimization of many different aspects in the society (British History Middle Ages). Nevertheless, despite the bombardment of many occurrences, one important point of study regard ing this uttermost in history is the status of the times intellectual life. The construct that makes this a worthy objective lens of attention lies in two molding factorsfaith and reason. These two is said to postulate governed the intellectual social movement of the middle ages. The main purpose of this paper then seeks to uncover what roles did faith and reason play in the medieval times that produced the level of intellectual outcome that defined the Middle Ages. Faith and the Medieval propagation The discussion of the middle ages, as a point in history, is oftentimes associated with the prosperity of the Christian faith and its consequent contribution in the development of todays theological thinking. Given that this particular faith is not shared by all of members of todays population, the interpretation of the Middle Ages in sexual intercourse to faith differs across academics, critics, historians, and the like. This difference can be considered as a problematic factor i n the study of that point in history. The phenomenons where interpretive analysis of the medieval times has differed in extremes have been mightily acknowledged with a term. As per the achievement of Van Engen, the Christian Middle Ages could be considered as a historiographical problem (519). For others like Gilson, and similarly with that of Brown, snap of the exercise on the specific point in time has been devoted to attributing the full development of Christianity and the total characteristic of the faith during the middle ages. The bottom-line with this particular focus is that Christianity has compete a major role during that time--affecting many aspects of societal life. Listening to Reason in the Middle Ages On a similar stance, reason during the Middle Ages has also been given an equal amount of attention by scholars and academics alike. The work of Alexander Murray has vastly tackled how reason affected the society during the given period. More importantly, the partic ular work has contrasted itself to be another definition of the medieval ages. Whereas the period was prominently known to be an era of faith due to its centralization of Christianity, Murray has also given emphasis that reason also governed the said stage (page number). The work of Edward Grant has supported the previous authors contention as he set his focus on the reason-oriented developments of the Middle Ages (1). In so doing, Grant have detailed that it was during the Middle Ages that the pillars of todays politics and government have taken the form. Particularly, the emergence of the nation state, parliaments, and democracy (1) during the time could be viewed as the source of development for the governance of present day nations. Moreover, it was also during the same stage that foundations of commerce and banking have been established. However, if these achievements be tallied, the

Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

companionship - Essay ExampleAs unity of those perennial topics, a team of philosophers decided to name the study of cognition an epistemology. The word epistemology comes from two Greek course episteme (episthmh) meaning knowledge and logos (logo V) meaning reason. Others, philosophers nowadays would assign this subject as of aboriginal importance however, the subject ab show up knowledge remains an essential part of philosophy (1997). Knowledge started expression back, during the civilization period. By civilization, I refer to the many centuries back where humans managed the environmental budge. For example in that respect was the Egyptians in Mesopotamia, who pictureed that with the possession of water(Nile) and their very fertile land, they could actually practiced farming and feed themselves and as well as make a living. From that, it is clear that knowledge infact is a tool to the subject of change as opposed to the object of change. You get out notice that as time passed, the Egyptians transformed from farming to some other form of activities such as architecture, pottery, puppet domestication, writing and so on. The ancient humans continued to discover rapidly other fronts after the set up of infrastructure which was brought about by the early activities. tribe did not stop discovering new ways of living despite the hardships, from architecture and agriculture to religion and politics, animal domestication to economic set-up. There are two types of knowledge Knowledge by Representation and Knowledge by Acquaintance. Knowledge by Representation basically refers to the way in which a human being expresses himself. This is normally done through aspects of communication like language speaking or gestures. Through representation, knowledge is fundamentally used as a surrogate. This is for example when someone finds an entity to determine the consequences of something by just thought about it unlike acting on it. It is more of a belief condit ion. You will find out that, a person can claim to be rich one day simply he does not even have a job yet being unemployed cannot stop him from proclaiming those words. In other words, on the subject of knowledge, dreams are part of representation. So many people out at that place would want to have something, some other want it so badly that they go to an extent of making it aloud. This is refer personnel casualty as belief. Regardless of the many difficulties experienced, you will get a person still having the same beliefs in making it in life. Off course everybody wants the best and will do anything to get there. This shows that regardless of the more opposition one might face, he or she continues to have a belief that he will make it. Knowledge by Acquaintance can be described as a pose relation without interference between a person and an existing thing. This is referred to as justification. For example, a person whitethorn be acquainted with a color or the texture of a tab le before him but this does not stop him or her from eating or leaning on it. This shows that human beings can be acquainted with something immediately without even knowing the real truth behind it. We must concede that words can have different meanings, and that each of the different meanings may be legitimate. For example, one might say, It is bring out to be red than dead. Here, red obviously does not refer to a particular color in a scheme of colors, but is intended to convey notions of communism (1955).It would be improper to say that red cannot be used in such a way. Faith provides for a strong belief in the doctrines of a religion, based on spiritual belief rather than proof. This then leads to our next question as to whether we should continue inventing new knowledge or we

Interpersonal Relationship with Boss Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interpersonal Relationship with Boss - Assignment ExampleThis look into tells that the biggest current pressure that Dr. Khalifa was going through is in responding to regulatory compliance issues within his campuses that are infra the required student-employment rates. He also suggested that he is under pressure in reducing expenses religion wide. away his working condition, he told me that he is passionate about cycling and reading. Dr. Khalifa said that he enjoyed reading only could non cycle due to health occupations. He has knowingise in the medical sector as a medical doctor and had practiced it in the Middle East. He concurred to this and added that he is also an expert in computer repair and global finance activities. With a lot of care in delivering the neglect of expertise to Dr. Khalifa, I suggested that he lacked people skills which he gladly accepted and said that he requisite to work on his approach with people. Growth which entails quality and integrity was the vision for the organization according to my assessment. In spite of this, he added it was the same vision region-wide. My assessment revealed that He would be very angered if his subordinates did not follow his specific rules. He added that his disappointment would be felt if someone lied to him. Dr. Khalifa expects me to handle teeny-weeny issues that arose on my own. On the contrary, when major problems occur, he expects me to be as thorough and transparent in explaining to him the problem matter as well as involving him in the solution aspect of it. This should be documented to his satisfaction. In matters of compromise, he said he has zero tolerance for dishonesty and lack of integrity. He added that he volition not tolerate being blindsided. He said that he has always had the fear of being single out in important communication. A great day at work was one that was productive in driving results. Although my assessment was not ruled out, he added that he preferred that every d ay ends with a learning opportunity to better at what we do. I however disagreed with his responses as his actions/ behavior differed with his answer.

Advanced Media Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advanced Media - Case Study ExampleIn such a fixe position, the Major League Baseball Advanced media (MLBAM) has had an influence on MLB. Some of them atomic number 18 as discussed below.MLBAM offers technological professionalism to MLB. It is in charge of all the television rights, online networks, website issues and club investments. Through this, it has been able to fetch more than & 87 million for MLB (Elberse & Laffel, 2011). Years ago, MLB relied on revenue generated solely from ticket sale, stadium giving up and clubs contribution. However, through the merchandising influence by MLBAM, it has been able to sell MLB-branded items like for instance hats, jerseys and baseballs. This sell was translucent for instance when an MLB club Boston Red Sox won the Baseball league in 2004. In less(prenominal) than a day after the win, there was a $ 4.8 million revenue generation from the clubs gear.After the return of MLBAMs top executives from the Apples Headquarters, it became eviden t through a smooth meeting they held with Steve Jobs that they had been selected to show case a sport-related application on behalf of the iPad. This is because of its good reputation of having a persuade league website and having a genuine success record of accomplishment in the digital media history. From the reports, MLBAM is in a position to generate more than $440 million of revenue from the sale of tickets, money from paid content, adverts and involving itself in merchandise practice (Elberse & Laffel, 2011).It is true most business ventures have failed in surviving in a digital environment. Luckily, MLBAM has overcome such limitations and associated failures. With such a good record, the company came up with the At Bat app, which became the bet on sort after application on iPhones and IPods. With it having featured among the best selling apps on iTunes, it got so galore(postnominal) names. For instance, Macworld

Why has the Britain's membership of the EU been so problematical Essay

Why has the Britains membership of the EU been so problematical - Essay ExampleMembership of European Union (EU) with Britain has been a controversial concern. Eurosceptics (people who do non support the sovereignty of the European Union), believe that it would have been better if Britain was put aside outside the sparing and semipolitical context. Permissions are being sought to withdraw the United Kingdom from the European Union (Daddow, 2004 Crowson, 2006). Thus, the barrier can very well be related with the subject i.e. why has the Britains membership of the EU been so problematical? Considering this facet, the essay will represent all the major(ip) issues that determine the membership of Britain with the EU to be problematical and with full of adversities. A critical evaluation will be made regarding the issues with the assist of analysis of the opinions derived from the different critics. Problems Associated with Britains Membership with the EU It has been recognised that the European Commission made a decision to prompt legal action against Britain as it was found to be restricting the benefits to certain outside(prenominal) nationals. This factor played a very crucial role in determining Britains affaire in European Union to be not up to the mark. Considering the issue of Britains membership of the EU, this political debate has been able to raise many eyebrows. This factor can be provided with the maximum amount of weightage owe to the fact that Britain was unable to serve the basic purposes of forming a proper alliance with the EU. Consequently, it can be give tongue to that issues relating sovereignty of the EU was in a questionable state having Britain as one of its members (Daddow, 2004 Crowson, 2006). There are other reports suggesting a lack of proper alignment in relation to the performance of membership functions from the disrupt of Britain with the EU. Every country possesses certain basic ideas about their role that they need to play in the world, which forms its identity element and helps in the establishment of its relationship with other countries. The historical era of the British Empire has been able to well influence the way in which the British political influence sees its position in Europe. However, all of these factors did not seem to provide an upper hand to Britain in alignment with the EU. It has been recognised that being a fibrous body, Britain was finding it very much difficult to adjust its political interest. Moreover, it was also proving to be quite sad while narrowing its political attention only in Europe. Britain has always been considered as a latecomer in the overall community of EU. Moreover, Britain had to face serious amount of difficulties accommodating it to those rules and policies that were already established from before in the EU region. It faced difficulties because a few of the rules and regulations represented direct conflicts with that of the fundamental principles which bind the entire British Constitution. Thus, it created an uneven situation for Britain resulting in paving conflicting situations. Bitterness with France along with strong association with the States did not seem to be posing a pleasant political scenario for Britain rather it accounted for the emergence of supernumerary issues to Britain. On a different context, it was not only Britain that had to adjust with EU, but EU had also major issues with Britain. It has also been ascertained that Britain joining the EU community specifically for economic purposes seem to pose a great deal of

Partick O'Donnell City Councilman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Partick ODonnell City Councilman - Essay ExampleChapters 13 and 15 of the book atomic number 18 titled, Counties, Special Districts and Regional Agencies and Issues for the New Century, respectively. This is because the meeting being announced is schedule for discussions on present matters that have a strong bearing on Californias incoming and welfare. Particularly, in pages 90-92 in chapter 13 of the book, Field discusses how regional agencies and corporate entities affect the growth and stability of the luxurious state. In chapter 15 of the book, particularly in pages 102-108, the author divulges on and discusses the challenges that continue to beset Chicago. It is not in doubt that recent events in Chicago at the time would discuss the setbacks that Chicago would be confront at the time. It is also very likely that the prospects that the 7- eleven convenience stores bring towards Chicagos security, frugal development and local employment will be applicable in the meeting (Fie ld, 90-3, 102-8). All these are indicated in the index page 134.The summary of the article is effective since it amplifies the intent of the article and the meeting that it is intending to communicate. The achiever of the meeting is premised on the manner in which it communicates the intricacies of the message the date (May 30th, 2012), the venue (Lawn Bowling Club amateurish Park) and the theme of the meeting (the 7- eleven convenience stores of Anaheim and Ximeno). The May 1st, 2012 article titled Chat with Special lymph gland LBPD Specialist Kymberly Cloughesy is also important and successful since it communicates the challenges that Chicago has faced and the solutions that ODonnell has proposed and continues to ratify. The article ODonnell Keeps spacious Beach Moving is also important since it explains ODonnells rationale that having a flowing trading is not only an efficient and fair way of using Chicagos budget. Likewise, by expanding 405 expressway

Oligopoly in the Beer Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Oligopoly in the Beer Industry - Essay ExampleThe U.S. beer industry is dominated by three study brewers Anheuser-Busch, the makers of Budweiser and Michelob, SAB miller, and Morson Coors. These three account for oer 80% of come in beer production and are large breweries with annual shipments of over 15 million barrels (31 gallons per barrel) nationwide and abroad. or so of these breweries are located in Texas, Colorado, Wisconsin, and New York allege (Tremblay and Tremblay, 2005).Regional breweries produce between 15,000 and 15 million barrels a year, with brews distributed in specific regions. Most regional breweries are privately held much(prenominal) as Pabst and Latrobe. Regional breweries account for approximately 15% of total U.S. beer shipments. Most of these breweries are located in Pennsylvania, Oregon, Wisconsin, and California (Goldammer, 2005). At the bottom of the industry pyramid are microbreweries and brewpubs, craft brewers that produce specialty niche product s. They ship less than 15,000 barrels of beer each year and began developing in numbers in the late 1970s. Brewpubs are restaurant-breweries that sell its beer on-premise, a common practice of European producers, and rarely exceed 5,000 barrels in annual output (Goldammer, 2005).The industry is highly compet... These were developed afterwards the price wars in the last three decades, giving consumers the impression of choice in price, taste, and image, and giving microbreweries and importers the fortune to enter the market in the 1990s (Tremblay and Tremblay, 2005).Other factors, such as the growing size of the Hispanic market, an expanding economy, consumer interest in higher-priced beers, and the wave of market consolidation where the large breweries began buying regional and small breweries take to industry growth. However, sales in recent years have remained flat (Anheuser-Busch grew by only 0.7% in 2005) due to the health effects of beer and aspiration from beverages such as wine seen to be healthier. Characteristic of the competition is the recent decision by InBev (of Belgium) to sell regional brewer Rolling Rock to Anheuser-Busch (U.S.) and of SAB (South Africa) to buy Miller in 2002. InBevs decision was made after realizing that though it is the biggest brewer in the world - it bottles premium brands Becks and Stella Artois - it prefers not to compete with Anheuser-Busch in the locally-brewed segment, limiting itself instead to selling its high margin, imported premium brands (Hannaford, 2006).The U.S. beer market is whence full of breweries of all sizes, all with a domestic and some even with an international presence, and foreign brands devising inroads into the higher margin specialty brands where the larger, more established brewers are competing with small regional and microbreweries and brewpubs. The nature of the competition, however, is such that larger breweries, which include InBev and SAB which established its presence through its pu rchase of Miller, can resort

Governance Research and Analysis Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Governance and Analysis - Research Paper ExampleThe Nova University was established in 1964 in strengthen Lauderdale, Florida. It started as a small college with a small number of students. Initially, it offered graduate programs in physical sciences and affectionate sciences. Gradually, the University also started offering programs in law, business, education, computer science, psychology and oceanography. In 1971, the Nova University was first recognized by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). In 1972, the institution started its first distance-learning program. Gradually, the Nova University grew into a reputed educational centre. Meanwhile, the south college of Osteopathic Medicine was founded in 1981 in the southeastern part of USA. During the period 1987-1991, this institution began offering courses on pharmacy, allied heath, optometry, dental sciences and checkup sciences (Nova southeastern University 2011). The College continued to expand and came to be known as the Southeastern University of the Health Sciences. In 1994, the Southeastern University of Health Sciences joined with the Nova University and the Nova Southeastern University was born. (Nova Southeastern University 2011) Mission Though the NSU is a private organization, it is not guided by profit making motives. It offers its students a diverse range of academic programs both on its campuses as well as through the distance learning mode. The University encourages its students to pursue academic excellence, research opportunities and pursue in intellectual enquiries by way of fruitful interactions with the expertness members. The institution is devoted to serving the conjunction by shaping its students to be future leaders of the community who are capable of shouldering diverse responsibilities. (Nova Southeastern University 2011) Vision The NSU is not under the regulation of the State University System, but has its own identity as an independent University. The Boar d of Trustees of the NSU has been very clear and categorical about maintaining the independent status of NSU. The administration, faculty and staff of the NSU provide its students with an independent opportunity to pursue academics of their choice. The educational courses offered by the University have been circumscribed to meet student requirements. (Nova Southeastern University 2011) Values In its continuous pursuit of excellence, the NSU embodies the values of rearing collaboration, engaging in community service and engagement, encouraging diversity, providing educational access, promoting efficiency, encouraging entrepreneurship and innovation, maintaining its commitment towards integrity, ensuring the development of attribute academic programs and encouraging active student engagement in scholarship and research. (Nova Southeastern University 2011) Other relevant Information The NSU offers attractive facilities to its students which contribute significantly in making the Uni versity environment stimulating and causative for the purpose of education. (Nova Southeastern University 2011) II. Institutional Leadership The NSU is headed by the President and Chief Executive ships officer (CEO) Mr. George L. Hanbury II. NSU also has a Board of Trustees which has established the mission of the University. The Board consists of three types of members. The Board Members intromit eminent personalities who occupy important positions in the society. Ronald G. Assaf is the present Chairman of the Board Members. The

ODCE model tax tready Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ODCE model tax tready - Essay ExampleIn this regard, GoodFood Inc. has been identified to be conducting operations in different States owing to which the company is taxable under the OECD model2.The term Permanent initiation (PE) in Article 5 is utilize for tax treaty purposes. PE is a concept of tax that indicates the concern level in the Source State. It also involves in various other treaty readyings. Alternative provision found in paragraph 42.43 of Article 5 of the OECD model implies that foreign enterprises should be present more than than 183 days, but it is not necessary to have a specific place of business. The alternative provision does not require specific time, but it is necessary to fix the place of business. In this respect, according to the provision, GoodFood Inc. is not taxable, as the date of business commencement is not mentioned34.The UN model is used as a tool in international tax treaty negotiations in developing and developed countries for managing tax iss ues. The role of this model is to assign taxing right between the residence jurisdictions and source jurisdictions. This model allows larger source taxation. It is also referred to as double taxation convention. The OECD model allows more exchange of information and this mode involves in the both kind of taxes and description while the UN model only involves taxes in the model. However, the provision of exchange information is same to both models. Thus, based on the UN model, GoodFood Inc. is taxable56.The services PE provision in Article 5 of OECD model is used for tax treaty purposes. The services PE provision requires foreign enterprises to be operating more than 183 days in a twelve month, but not necessary to have a fixed place of business. The primary(prenominal) commitments of PE provision are to provide a taxation right to the Source State. This provision is essential for some(prenominal) articles, but is important for article 7, which is included in industry profits. I n this respect, it can be state that

Discuss the interpretation of the First Industrial Revolution as an Term Paper

Discuss the interpretation of the First Industrial Revolution as an Industrious Revolution - endpoint Paper ExampleThe industries that were in charge of production at that time were not creative fair to middling to offer a variety of goods and services from which to choose, thus the industrious revolution began because of the increase in take on for the consumer products that would satisfy families of the time.Consumers were not unless focused on the change of taste, but they were also concerned well-nigh the provisions of goods for a different class, that is, regular goods and highly sophisticated goods within the fraternity. The demand was also base on sex. Males and females in different careers were concerned with different demands that would show a difference in the society depending on their biological nature. The textile and automobile industries were the most affected as the demand for high-quality clothes and machinery was great. The active growth of the population in towns and cities also increased the demand for food production. Families were looking not only for the provision of food but also the quality of food. Therefore, the demand for quality food was a study concern that was driving the industrious revolution.The great demand from the consumer was increasing pressure on industry. The owners of the industries were responding by allocating to a greater extent work to the labourers so that they could produce more goods. The need to produce more goods and meet the ultimatum of the consumers led to the flak of the industrial revolution. This revolution occurred when the factory workers started to realise that they were working so hard, but their salaries were not increasing. Therefore, the workers began to demand higher(prenominal) pay. The industrialists, on the other hand, were not willing to add a penny to their workforces (Soule). Since there were no appropriate laws protecting the labourers, they were humiliated by their bosses and som etimes they were forced to work. The force used can be track to the servitude

Brahms Requiem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Brahms Requiem - Assignment ExampleBrahms was highly influenced and affected by his mother and virtuosos death and he thought that there was need to perform a requiem jam to console those who were grieving and alike to let the dead lie peacefully. As a matter of occurrence this German artist felt that he had to pay tribute to his benefactor Robert Schumann (Musgrave 5) so that he could forever feel him around and have his musical memories as well as the memories of his mother. Franco-Prussian war ended in 1866. This war is believed to have influenced Brahms to compose his requiem to fare well the wars victims and console the affected souls. There are also several events that happened believed to have influence his composition without any one of them existence the exact or main reason behind the requiem but they are said to be the forces behind Brahms requiem. Comparison of Brahms Requiem in line with classical musicBrahms requiem was believed to be lengthened and full of empty passages but compared to other performances by different artists, it is so classical and of good whole tone (Musgrave 8). The slow piano playing makes the message being conveyed to be received as intended and this also makes it perfect for such performances to take place at Ellen Eccles.

Anatomy of a Picture Book Essay Example for Free

inning of a outline Book EssayFormat/Size RectangularThis is the shape of most have gots HorizontalOften workout to in stories closely journeys VerticalMay be used for larger than life characters oCohn, Amy L. Abraham Lincoln. oIsaacs, Anne. Swamp Angel. Cutout formscutout in the form of buildings, animals, etc. Book Jacket/Dust Jacket Think of a intensity summit as a small poster wrapped around the hold up with flaps on the bm and back. oOriginally used to keep supports from being soiled oNow used to be eye-catching, to encourage you to pick up the book. Should be appealing from a reasonable distance through and through its form and color Provides important information about the bookoTitle oAuthor oIllustrator oShould predict the contents of the book oShould convey the age group for the book oBack of book crownwork normally admits the books barcode with ISBN (International Standard Book Number) number, a unique number to identify a book. Jacket argonas oFacefront that faces us as the book is closed and lies on the table ? Is the picture on the cover repeated inside the book or is it unique? If the cover is repeated, it anticipates the plot of the story. ?Does the cover fight down the story? Is the cover mystifying? ? make do may reflect most dramatic or tantalizing episode in story.However, the cover should not tell so much that it destroys the suspense of the story. ?Is the cover close in? Framing creates a sense of detachment. oBackback of the detonating device should relate to the front ? go through how the book jacket flows from the front to the back ? When the jacket is flattened, the design should be homogeneous and consistent ? If you want to be a collector of childrens books, protect the book jackets by covering them in charge card. oWrap-around coveruses one example that wraps around from the front to the back oBook flaps intromit background information about the book.May alike tell about the reference and/or illustrator, etc. oS pinelocated to the left, along the bound edge of the book. This is a narrow panel which you see when the book is shelved. Normally includes the deed, author, publisher, and sometimes the illustrator. Book Casing/Book Cover Stiff-cased casingThis is what you find underneath the book jacket. This is hard to see on library copies that have plastic put over the covers that is taped down. oSome book covers atomic number 18 simply a repeat of the book jacket. oThe high quality picture books have a different book casing that is a type of cloth.?Consider how this contributes to the overall design of the book. Consider color of the cloth, use of patterns, or give awaynts, or drawings. Does the color used fit the book? oDesigns on casingThis design normally refers to the central motif or symbol of the book. ?Blind sealskinsunken ambit of the same color as the casing ? Die stampsunken image of different color than the casing. Endpa makeup (Endsheets) Serve as structural bond between body of book and casing. They are glued down to casing to hold the book together. They are usually of heaver stock news report.oEndpapers may be a solid color, have a design, map, fable, etc. Sometimes they convey important additional information. If the book is well designed the endpapers should be an integral part of the story. ?Color of endpapers may be symbolic to the story. Endpapers should put forward a transition between the exterior and the interior of the book, a welcome into the book. Sometimes the narrative of the book actually begins on the endpapers. Check to see if the front and back endpapers are exactly the same. If they are different, thither is a significant reason. Not included in paperback books.Front MatterFront liaison includes the beginning rogues of the book through the title scalawag and procure page. Front matter may include blank or extra pages at the beginning of the book. oSets mood for story and may amplify core by indentifying books main character, setting, theme, etc. Half title page (false title page)placed before the title page and usually includes only the title and an illustration. Not found in every book. Title pageincludes title, author, illustrator, publisher. The illustration used on the title page should be one of the best found in the whole book. May be a detail of some picture in the body of the book.oDouble-page revolvea design that is unified across two pages oTwo distinct pagesone page has illustration the another(prenominal) has text Copyright pageback or verso of the title page. oContains circled c or member copyright with the year of publication and the name of the copyright owner. oAlso includes the books stamp numbers or printing code. A first printing of a book may in the future depart very valuable. ?First edition generally means the book you are holding is the first printing of the first edition, in other words the first betance of this concomitant text (Horning 13).oIf a book was first published outside of the U. S. or a book is a translation, the original title, publisher, and date appear on the copyright page. oMay include the technique the illustrator used for the book, such as watercolor, gouache, colored pencils, oils, etc. oOften includes the name of the books typeface. oNormally includes the Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data (abbreviated as CIP). This information helps libraries catalogue books faster. Includes call numbers for books and may include a summary of the book, as well as the author, illustrator, title, and publisher. fealtypagemay be included in the book. If books have separate authors and illustrators, at that place may be dedications from both individuals. Dedications may give clues to interesting personal information about the author/illustrator. Back Matter Pages in the back of the book after main part of the book. Sometimes the copyright page is part of the back matter. May include author/illustrator information, photographs, revie ws, etc. May in like manner include source notes, glossary, index, bibliographies, acknowledgements, notes on the illustrations, other supplemental information, suggested activities to use with children, etc.Body of the Book Main section of the bookwhats between the front matter and back matter. Signaturepages inside the book are sewed or fastened together in one ore more sections classed touchs. A standard signature is sixteen pates. Typeface/typography selected for book should fit the story. For emphasis, fonts may change (size, bold, italics). Layout of the text may also change to emphasize certain elements of the story. Papershould be of quality. May be matte, shiny, etc. Shiny paper gives a smooth, glazed surface that gives a high sheen and intensifies the colors.May also be heavier paper stock or textured. Gutterthe middle area where pages come together. The illustrations that go over the gutter should not be misaligned or have missing parts because they are caught or lost in the gutter. stead of the text oVery formaltext placed opposite the illustrations on an adjacent page. A border or frame around the text or illustrations is even more formal. oFormaltext positioned above or downstairs the illustrations. oInformaltext shaped with irregular boundaries to fit inside, outside, between, around, or to the side of the illustrations.oVery formalno text at all (as in wordless books). Placement of the illustrations oDouble-page spreadboth facing pages are used for an illustration. The illustration spreads across both pages. Wanda Gag is credited with inventing this technique in her book Millions of Cats. oBordersan outer edge or boundary, a frame, that encloses text and/or illustrations. Borders have decorative or geometric designs, folk designs from a particular culture, or visual symbols that relate to the story. oPanelsuse of vertical sections to break apart an illustration. oVignettesalso called spot art. junior-grade illustrations integrated into the layout of a single or double-page spread. They often allow the illustrator to tell a story through various stages. Page food turner elementwhat on a page makes you want to turn the page to continue the story? oIllustrationis there something in the picture that makes you want to turn the page? A code facing right on the right hand page is often a page turner element. oTextis there something in the story that encourages you to turn the page? Integrated Whole visual symbolismuse of physical objects in the illustrations to represent abstract ideas.For example, a dove may symbolize love, gentleness, innocence, timidity, or peace. A high quality picture book (like those which are Caldecott winners or honor books) should be well designed from the book jacket to the back matter, including the endpapers, and book casing. EECE 441 Prof. Sibley Minnesota State University Moorhead Bibliography Harms, Jeanne McLain, and Lucille J. Lettow. Book Design Elements Integrating the Whole. childhoo d Education 75. 1 (1998) 17-24.Education Full Text. Wilson Web. Livingston Lord Library, Moorhead, MN. 28 Aug. 2005 http//hwwilsonweb.com/. ___. Book Design Extending Verbal and Visual Literacy. Journal of Youth Services in Libraries 2. 2 (1989) 136-42.Horning, Kathleen T. From Cover to Cover Evaluating and Reviewing Childrens Books. New York HarperCollins, 1997. Matulka, Denise I. Anatomy of a Picture Book. 24 April 2005. Picturing Books. 28 August 2005 http//picturingbooks. imaginarylands. org/. Pitz, Henry C. Illustrating Childrens Books History, Technique, Production. New York Watson-Guptill, 1963. Troy, Ann. Publishing. blood profile Features. July-Dec. 1989. Carol Hanson Sibley, August 2005

Tata Docomo Essay Example for Free

Tata Docomo sampleTata convocation is an Indian multinational conglomerate federation earquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It encompasses seven business sectors* Communications and breeding technology* Engineering* Materials* Services* Energy* Consumer products* Chemicals.Tata assembly was founded in 1868 by Jam specializeji Tata as a commerce union. It has operations in more than 80 countries across six continents. Tata classify has all(prenominal)where 100 operate companies each of them operates indep stopently forbidden of them 32 atomic number 18 publicly listed. The major Tata companies be Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Tata Power, Tata Chemicals, Tata worldwide Beverages, Tata Tele attend, Titan Industries, Tata Communications and Taj Hotels. The combined grocery store capitalization of all the 32 listed Tata companies was $89.88 billion as of edge 2012. Tata receives more than 58% of its revenue from outside India. Tat a convocation remains a family-owned business, as the descendants of the render (from the Tata family) owns majority stake in the comp both.The current chairman of the Tata theme is Cyrus Pallonji Mistry, who took over from rattan hoboe Tata in 2012. Tata Sons is the shoplifter of all key Tata companies and holds the bulk of shareholding in these companies. The chairman of Tata Sons has traditionally been the chairman of the Tata group. About 66% of the honor capital of Tata Sons is held by philanthropic trusts endowed by members of the Tata family. The Tata Group is perceived to be Indias best-known planetary shuffling within and outside the country as per The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India check.The 2009, annual survey by the Reputation Institute ranked Tata Group as the 11th most(prenominal) reputable political party in the world. The survey included 600 global companies. The Tata Group has helped establish and finance numerous quality research es, educational and cultural institutes in India. The group was awarded the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy in 2007 in recognition of its long accounting of philanthropic activities.HISTORYThe Tata Group was founded as a private trading firm in 1868 by entrepreneur and philanthropist Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata. In 1902 the group incorporated the Indian Hotels Company to commission the Taj Mahal Palace Tower, the start luxury hotel in India, which opened the following year. After Jamsetjis death in 1904, his son Sir Dorab Tata took over as chair of the Tata Group. Under Dorabs leadership the group quickly diversified, venturing into a vast rank of bare-assed industries, including steel (1907), electricity (1910), education (1911), consumer unassailables (1917), and aviation (1932). Following Dorabs death in 1932, Sir Nowroji Saklatwala became the groups chair.Six years later Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata (J.R.D.) took over the position. His continued expansion of the company int o new sectors such as chemicals (1939), technology (1945), cosmetics (1952), marketing, engineering, and manufacturing (1954), tea (1962), and software services (1968)earned Tata Group international recognition. In 1945 Tata Group established the Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO) to manufacture engineering and locomotive products it was renamed Tata Motors in 2003.In 1991 J.R.D.s nephew, Indian business mogul Ratan Naval Tata, succeeded him as chairman of the Tata Group. Upon assuming leadership of the conglomerate, Ratan aggressively sought to expand it, and increasingly he foc intentd on globalizing its businesses. In 2000 the group acquired London-based Tetley Tea, and in 2004 it purchased the truck-manufacturing operations of South Koreas Daewoo Motors. In 2001 Tata Group partnered with American International Group, Inc. (AIG) to take a leak the insurance company Tata-AIG.List of Tata Group Chairmans* Jamsetji Tata (18871904)* Dorabji Tata (19041932)* Nowroji Sak latwala (19321938)* J. R. D. Tata (19381991)* Ratan Tata (19912012)* Cyrus Mistry (2012present)The Tata Group has donated a Rs. 220 crore ($50 million) to theprestigious Harvard Business School (HBS) to mannikin an academic and a residential mental synthesis on the institutes campus in Boston, Massachusetts. The new building will be called the Tata Hall and used for the institutes executive education programmes. The amount is the largest from an international donor in the business schools 102-year-old existence. The recent The Brand Trust Report 2011 has ranked TATA as the scrap most trusted gulls of India. In a 2011 investor poll conducted by fair-mindedness research firm Equitymaster, TATA Group was voted as the most trustworthy among the Indian corporate houses. Over 61% of the respondents showed their confidence in the Tata Group. The Tata Group retained its Most Trustworthy status in the 2012 edition of the poll. One Tata project that brought together Tata Group companies (TCS, Titan Industries and Tata Chemicals) was developing a compact, in-home water-purification device.It was called Tata swach which means clean in Hindi and would appeal less than gee rupees (US $21). The idea of Tata swach was thought of from the 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, which left thousands of quite a little without clean drinking water. This device has filters that last(a) about a year long for a family of louver. It is a low-cost product available for people who have no access to safe drinking water in their homes. The advantage of this device is that it does non require the use of electricity. TCS also designed and donated an innovative software package that teaches illiterate adults how to read in 40 hours. The children of the people who have been finished our literacy program are all in school, says Pankaj Baliga, global head of corporate social responsibility for TCS. In 1912, Tata Group expanded their CEOs design of community of interests philanthropy to be included in the workplace.They instituted an eight-hour workday, before any other company in the world. In 1917, they recommended a medical-services policy for Tata employees. The company would be among the counterbalance worldwide to organise modern pension systems, workers hire, maternity benefits, and moolah-sharing plans. Trusts created by Tata Group control 65.8% of company shares, so it can be said that about 66% of the profits of Tata Group go to charity. The charitable trusts of Tata Group fund a variety of projects, for example the Tata Swach and the TCS project. They founded and becalm support such cherished institutions as the Indian Institute of Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, the National reduce for the PerformingArts and the Tata Memorial Hospital.Each Tata Group company channels more than 4 percentage of its operating income to the trusts and every generation of Tata family members has left a larger portion of its profit to them. After the M umbai attacks, Salaries of hence heavily attacked Taj Hotel employees were paid despite the hotel being closed for reconstruction. About 1600 employees were provided food, water, sanitation and first aid finished employee outreach centres. Ratan Tata personally visited families of all the employees that were affected.The employees relatives were flown to Mumbai from outside areas and were all accommodated for 3 weeks. Tata also covered compensation for railway employees, police staff, and pedestrians. The market vendors and shop owners were given care and assistance after the attacks. A psychiatric institution was established with the Tata Group of Social Science to counsel those who were affected from the attacks and needed help. Tata also tending(p) the education of 46 children of the victims of the terrorist attacks.Tata DoCoMoTATA DOCOMO is an cellular service provider on the GSM,CDMA and platform-arising out of the strategic joint stake between Tata Teleservices (subsidiary of Indian conglomerate Tata Group) and Japanese telecommunication giant NTT Docomo (subsidiary of Nippon Telegraph and Teleph unmatched) in November 2008. It is the countrys sixth largest streetwalker in terms of subscribers (including both GSM and CDMA. TATA DOCOMO is part of the Indian conglomerate Tata Group. The company received licenses to operate GSM services in nineteen telecom circles and was allotted spectrum in eighteen of these circles and launched GSM services on 24 June 2009.It began operations first in South India and currently operates GSM services in eighteen of twenty two telecom circles. It has licences to operate in Delhi but has not been allocated spectrum from the Government. Docomo provides services through with(predicate)out India. Tata DOCOMO offers both prepaid and postpaid cellular phone services. It has become very popular with its one second pulse especially in semi-urban and untaught areas.citation needed On 5 November 2010, Tata DOCOMO became t he first private sector telecom companyto launch 3G services in India. Tata DOCOMO had about 42.34 million users at the end of December 2010.TATA DOCOMO MARKERT SEGMENTATIONTata DoCoMo divided the market into slenderer segments with pellucid needs, characteristics and behavior with separate marketing strategies. TATA DoCoMo used the Demographic segmentation firstly to introduce the new stigma keeping an eye on mid and higher end of the Indian consumers. They chose Indian callowness as their primary target and started occupying the space in young Indian minds by touch oning with them at various levels and through multiple channels The rationale behind this choice were1. Tata Docomo intended to generate most of its future revenues through its severalise content based and esteem added services, which is not so much relevant for low end consumers who are more price sensitive than mid and high end consumers 2. Indian telecom market was curtly expecting 3G licenses. This would mean a huge potential for content based and rate added services in the near future. Mid and higher end young consumers will be the early adopters of these services as they are more adaptable to change, are dynamic and willing to try new things.3. They wanted to connect to impression makers, and Indian youth would be the best fit to that profile. 4. Indian telecom market was soon expecting Mobile Number Portability (MNP). This would mean a potential of switching of telecom vendors by Indian consumers. And targeting the opinion makers would mean an aspiration build up in masses to switch to the brand that is most admired. 5. Tata teleservices has its CDMA religious offering which already caters to mass market in India. Hence there was no specific need to cut through this segment.TATA DOCOMO MARKERT TARGETING* TATA DoCoMo is offering series of differentiated products to their respective markets. * Home calling cards for the family of those professionals who work abroad. * Cheap SMS e ase for youth.* Facilities for circle users.Tata Docomo rolls out a marketing campaigns platform over cloud, Hosted function Manager (HCM) service for its effort and SME nodes. This service is offered in 16 circles namely Hyderabad, Karnataka, Mumbai Maharashtra, Kerala, UPW, Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kolkata and West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar and UP East. Aggregators, FMCG, service industry, media and banking insurance companies, outsourcing companies, advertizing agencies and campaign event management companies can get its advantage to the fullest. Through voice blast feature, nodes can send a prerecorded message to thousands of phones from a targeted, DND scrubbed dialing list. This solution enables one to conduct sound communication anywhere across the PSTN cloud at blazing speed, said a press note. Tata Docomos Hosted Campaign Management enables customers to reach out to larger target audience, more frequently, at affordable costs with out any infrastructure to run the outbound processes.DifferentiationIt used tariff plans to differentiate itself from other major players bid Vodafone, Airtel and Idea in the GSM category. It has cheaper rates than any other CDMA service provider and the added advantage is that unlike CDMA, a different handset is not infallible. Pulse rate of per second, where all other services used one minute gave TATA DOCOMO the first mover advantage.Also, services offered were customised as per subscribers. TATA DOCOMO has unveiled a portfolio of Value-Added Services that has reinvented mobile telephone in India. It offers products and services like diet SMS, Free VoiceMail, Timed SMS Service, Missed Call Alerts, Call-me Tunes, etc. either of them are customized to liberate and refresh the subscribers.Brand perspectiveTATA DOCOMO has positioned itself as a value for specie brand. The first move on this front was to cut through the clutter and redefine the entire pricing paradigm. In the clu tter of confusing service providers, TATA DOCOMO is positioned as the countrys most transparent, innovative and liberating telecom brand. * Tata Docomo wanted to create an identity for themselves in the mind of the youth. They realized that their brand should do thefollowing * Familiarity they need to create familiarity for the brand in the mind of their target i.e. Indian youth. Youth should always be able to blot the brand logo and its value proposition. In fact, Indian youth should be more than willing to severalise themselves with the brand in participation* Relationship They need to associate themselves with attributes like transparent, simple and innovative brand in the mind of their target customers. And over the term of their relationship with their customers, they should be consistent to these attributes in every interaction. * Experience They need to ensure that customer gets consistent message and promise irrespective of which channel he chooses to interact with the brand. Brands communication, new offerings and actions should consistent to its promise to the customers * Trust They need to stand up to probity in public life and social dealings to be perceived as socially and culturally compatible brand and thereby gain trust of the society. In the already cluttered Indian telecom market, Tata Docomo positioned itself as one of the countrys newest and most-exciting GSM telecom services company that provides value for money and can be easily identified with the attributes as transparency, simplicity and innovation.1. Positioning based on value for money Complex pricing mechanisms and processes were used by Indian telecom players. These were not easily tacit by consumers and they found difficult to choose the best plans for them. Tata Docomo launched its products with Pay what you use policy which were attractive for customers. 2. Positioning based on technology 3G service and Number Portability were soon to be launched in India. And Tata Docom o leveraging its confederacy with NTT Docomo positioned itself as a provider ready to provide 3G services in India. Telecom customers are not really happy with their existing service providers.According to Nielsen Mobile Consumer Insights Close to one in five (18%) of Indian mobile customers said that they would change their factor if they have the ability to retain their number. It was good enough reason to attract customers who are looking for a better provider. 3. Positioning based on innovative ways Tata Docomo positioned itself based on its Do the New promise. It introduced multiple innovative offerings like comrade Net, forage SMS, Pay per site, Pay per second etc. To establish their brand equity in Indian telecom industry, Tata Docomo started with their branding activities.Brand/product/companyThe Tata DOCOMO brand is the 10th fledgeling in the crowded Indian telecom market which was already ruled by established brands such as Airtel, Reliance, and Vodafone. Despite the stiff competition the company made a dent in the telecom market due to an innovative marketing strategy. In a short span of time the company has been able to differentiate and distinguish itself from the other brands and own a distinct consumer mind space. The company has brought dissolute innovation to the market not only through it products and services but also through grotesque marketing initiatives that have captured the minds of the consumers. As it stands today, Tata DOCOMO is the fastest growing brand in terms of market share. We (project team) chose to subscribe and analyze the Tata DOCOMO brand due to its uniqueness and the success of its marketing strategy.For consumers, the Tata DOCOMO brand offers a host of differentiated services. Tata DOCOMO boasts the following benefits to consumers on its official website. * We are the fastest growing young telecom brand in the country we never stop innovating and signifying out of the box. With us every day is new. * We dont n eed creams to be fair, its in our blood. With us you will get honesty, frankness, transparency. Say hello to the most transparent plans, a initiative network responsive customer care. * We are the first private operator to launch 3G in partnership with the world leader in 3G, NTT DOCOMO, Japan. * We redefined competition with our pay per second tariffs and decided to let the good news spread, therefore we introduced pay per second on STD ISD. You can call USA and Canada 1p/sec.* Keeping up with our mantra of doing the new we have made roaming affordable to the common man by extending the pay per second offers on roaming anywhere in India on our network. * We dont bully you to take what you dont need. And thats why we have pay per site, that lets you pay only for the site(s) you cope Rs.10 per site per month. * We never ever ask you to count your friends. With BuddyNet you can bond with the whole world 1p/6sec On-Net. Be ready * We dont decide for you, you decide your own pick f rom our daily, weekly or monthly packs of Talk-time, GPRS, music, cricket updates, iniquity calling etc. starting at Rs.2.* Why should anyone else decide what song you should listen to when you call psyche? With My Song hear your song when you call. * We completely believe why you should payfor whats not your fault, thats why with us you get free Missed Call alerts in case you miss a call when you are not in coverage area or your phone is switched off. * Fun in limit is no fun. With us you can download unlimited Call-Me tune Rs.10 per week. * We dont believe in making you pay for attain out to us. Call our toll free customer care number anytime.* When we say you are main(prenominal) we mean every single word of it. So why should you wait, have direct access to the customer care executive by pressing 9 anytime during the call. * We are all ears. You can call us or online Live Chat with us, anytime. And guess what, you can access your hometown call center even when out of town. Pr oduct lineTATA Docomo launched legion(predicate) products in the Diet product line aimed at reducing the cost for the customer. Following products were launched Diet SMS Its custom made for those who are allergic to typing long. In this service, each SMS entirely costs you 1 paisa per character, up to a maximum of 15 characters. And user is not charged for the spaces. Diet Postpay Plans It offers refreshingly different options to postpaid users. They get opportunity to make their own plans by choosing the service they use most frequently, be it Local, STD or SMS. And to make their own plans they have more than 100 options to choose from. parvenu PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTIDEA GENERATIONTata group of industries want to introduce their products in almost every field of life. With invention of mobile phone services world become a global village. increase number of mobile users attract TATA group of industries to introduce their product in mobile phone services. The jury of directors of TATA gets the idea for mobile service operator by its own employees who were using other mobile operators. They think about to bring their own technology or to share any existing company through which they communicate with other employees and officials.IDEA SCREANINGFrom too many ideas the TATA group selected one to create a telecom company with the experience of any existing company. They decided to introduce a new mobile operator company with the partnership of Japanese telecom giant NTTDocomo and launch TATA DoCoMo in India. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT testThe Tata DOCOMO (DO Communication over mobile) brand stands for Doing things that you want to do. The Tata DOCOMO brand is all about co-creation and user participation. The youth brand that Tata DOCOMO set out to build has been successfully created in the digital space through a balanced mix of design, innovation, technology and engagement. The brands main mantra Do the new is a concept that prompts every citizen to do something new , even if its a small thing. This concept aligns with the companys products and services, many of which are new to the market. TATA has good reputation in all over the India. They make a asker to ask people about new telecom service and when they started their transmission people show confirmative response towards the product.MARKETING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENTBeing the tenth entrant in the already agonistical telecom market, it was difficult for Tata Docomo to differentiate themselves from the existing service providers. Tata was already a well-known household brand name in India, however Docomo was hardly known to Indian masses and hence there was a need to establish the Docomo brand. They wanted to create an identity for Tata Docomo which customers would love and trust. Tata Docomo has a vision to be the most loved teleservices brand in India. And their marketing research revealed that their service offering should be centered on transparency, simplicity and relevant life centric i nnovation to achieve this. They found that they should connect to the opinion makers of the society and create brand attraction among Indian masses.This focused approach can give them visibility in highly competitive market. Tata DoCoMo adopted disruptive innovation as a market penetration strategy. This was required to enter the Indian telecom market which had dominant players such Airtel and Vodafone. To capture market, Tata DoCoMo offered services that were unlike anything the consumers had see before. The per second tariff also changed the rules of the game by forcing existing service providers to lower their tariffs and also set a benchmark for new entrants such as MTS who now offer similar tariffs. This allowed Tata DoCoMo to capture market quickly. Having penetrated the market successfully, Tata DoCoMo now competes not only on the basis of price but also with value addedservices.BUSINESS ANALYSISAfter the market strategy development the TATA group make a telecom operators bu siness analysis. Their Cost, sales, profits and other business routines. They study the Airtel and Vodafone which were already existing very strong telecom operators in the market.PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTWhen TATA group analyzed the other telecom operators business they satisfied with the profit margins and finally started to capture all the India and install their transmission equipment in all the major cities. When transmission equipment installed then(prenominal) TATA start to furnish customer offices in targeted areas and started their services.TEST MARKETINGFinally TATA DoCoMo introduced in market initially. The customer gave positive response and highly like this service in the market. And its first testing sales are too fast and people demanded it and admire it due to its brand name.COMMERCIALIZATIONTATA DoCoMo after first adit in the market started their full commercialization in market in a very small time they got maximum market share. To bring in the knowledge of people abou t this new service of DoCoMo they used different channels like TV, newspapers, radio, brushers, magazines, etc.

Hematology Report Essay Example for Free

Hematology Report EssayThe term comes from a Greek word glukus which heart and soul sweet. It is an organic fertiliser compound, a simple sugar (monosaccharide) with a chemical formula C6H12O6, which occurs widely in intimately interweaves of plants and animals. A major source of energy in the body, glucose is the principal circulating sugar. It is also knows as D-glucose, D-glucopyranose, grapeshot sugar, corn sugar, dextrose, and cerelose. Glucose, whether in free or combined form, is the most common of the sugars and the most abundant organic compound in nature. Grapes, figs, and other sweet fruits and honey had been prep be to come considerably high dumbness content.It is also found, although in slighter concent proportionalityns, in animal body precariouss much(prenominal) as in the birth and lymph. Urine of diabetic patients usually contains 3-5 %. Absorbed into the blood stream through the small intestine, it is carried through the portal nervure to the live r-colored wherein it is stored as glycogen. The rest reenters to the circulatory system. Glycogen is also stored in the energy tissue (See Glucose) accelerator pedal for a major contri entirelyor in metabolism. Disorders/Diseases 1. High Levels diabetes mellitus ? It is characterized by high takes of blood sugar (glucose), caused from defects in insulin secretion or action, or even both.In normal conditions, blood glucose levels are highly controlled by insulin, a ductless gland produced by the pancreas. Insulin helps lower the glucose level in the blood. In diabetic patients, the absence or insufficient production of insulin causes hyperglycemia. Although diabetes can be controlled, it is a chronic medical condition, which lasts a lifetime (See What is diabetes? ) 2. downhearted Levels hypoglycemia ? This disorder occurs when glucose levels falls too low resulting in the mal share of cells. Symptoms develop such as cool skin, nervousness, headache, confusion, convulsion or e ven coma.Control of its level and metabolism is greatly important. 2. ) urea atomic number 7 (rolling wave) Definition Urea is formed in the liver. It is a north-containing substance, which is normally cleared into the weewee from the blood by the kidney. This was the first organic chemical compound that was synthesized. Friedrich Wohler, a German chemist, who accidentally made urea period in the process of attempting to make ammonium cyanate from silver cyanide and ammonium chloride (See Definition of Urea). It is a small organic molecule composed of carbon, normality, oxygen and hydrogen and is formed from ammonia in the kidney and liver (See What is Urea). roller stands for Blood Urea normality This is a test that is used to measure the levels of urea in the blood. When diseases occur in the kidney, which comprises its function will frequently lead to increased level in the blood. The BUN level in the blood can also rise among patients who are dehydrated. Urea nitrogen is a waste product of protein metabolism in the blood. This is a test that measures how much urea nitrogen remains in the blood that can be used as a test of nephritic function. Nevertheless, there are many factors aside from renal disease that can cause BUN alterations, including protein breakdown, hydration side and liver ill.Reference surveys of BUN Adult 7-20 mg/100 ml (men may have slightly higher values than women) Newborn values slightly lower than adult ranges Elderly value slightly increase due to lack of renal concentration Pregnancy values decrease slightly 25% *Values differ slightly from laboratory to laboratory for all tests Catalyst for the breakdown of protein during tissue metabolism Disorders/Diseases Diseases or malfunction concerning the kidney often lead to increased blood levels of urea. 1. High Levels azotemia ? doable causes o Dehydrationo Impaired renal function o Stress o haze o Congestive heart failure as a result of poor renal perfusion o Excessi ve protein intake o Hemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract 2. Low Levels A low BUN may have little significance but can cause liver problems. A lessen BUN may be caused by everywhere hydration. A person with syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic secretion (SIADH), an anti-diuretic hormone responsible for stimulating the kidney to conserve water causes high level of water retention in the bloodstream rather than excreted into the urine.SIADH can raise the BUN level, while important substances decrease because of the significant increase of peregrine in the bloodstream. A decrease BUN level may be seen in malnutrition, liver failure, over hydration, impaired nutrient absorption, anabolic steroid use (See Blood Urea Nitrogen BUN). Urea itself is non-toxic. 3). Creatinine Definition A creatine anhydride with chemical formula of C4H7N3O, is formed by the metabolism of creatine. Creatine is found in muscle tissue and blood it is excreted as a metabolic waste in the urine (See C reatinine). A small amount is actively secreted and mainly filtered by the kidney.There is tubular reabsorption of creatinine but compensated by almost the same degree of tubular secretion. Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule, generated from muscle metabolism. About 2% of the bodys creatine is converted to creatinine every day. It is transported through the bloodstream to the kidneys. It is produced at a steady rate. Diet or normal physical activities have little effect on creatinine level. A malfunction of the kidney can decrease its level in the urine while raising its level in the blood (See Creatinine and Creatinine Clearance). Catalyst for despite of being a waste, creatinine is vital for diagnostic function It is a reliable indicator of kidney function. Disorder/Diseases 1. High Levels This indicates a possible malfunction or failure of the kidneys. As the kidneys become impaired, creatinine level will rise. A high level suggests the following conditions of the kidney -da mage or protrusion of the blood vessels in the kidneys known as glomerulonephritis. Prostate disease, kidney stone or urinary tract closure Reduced blood flow to the kidney 2. Low LevelsIt is a rare occurrence that low level of creatinine would appear, and are not usually a cause for concern. Low levels of creatinine can be seen with conditions that results in decreased muscle mass (See Creatinine The Test). Low creatinine is seen in some severe liver diseases as it is also seen in debilitation (See Low Protein Diet Information for People with Kidney Diseases) Normal level for Adult males approximately 0. 6 to 1. 2 milligrams (mg) per deciliter (dl) Adult females 0. 5 to 1. 1 milligrams per deciliter Elderly may have less creatinine in their blood than the normInfants 0. 2 or more depending on their muscle development somebody w/ one kidney 1. 8 or 1. 9 Creatinine levels that reach 2. 0 or more in babies and 10. 0 or more in adults may need to use a dialysis machine in order to remove wastes from the blood (See Definition of Creatinine). References 1. Glucose. http//www. answers. com/ take/glucose 2. What is diabetes? . http//www. medicinenet. com/diabetes_mellitus/article. htm 3. Definition of Urea. http//www. medterms. com/script/main/art. asp? articlekey=5905 4. What is Urea. http//cahpwww. vet. upenn. edu/mun/mun_info.html 5. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN). http//www. rnceus. com/renal/renalbun. html 6. Creatinine. American Heritage dictionaries. http//www. answers. com/topic/creatinine 7. Creatinine and Creatinine Clearance. http//www. webmd. com/hw/lab_tests/hw4322. asp 8. Creatinine The Test. http//www. labtestsonline. org/understanding/analytes/creatinine/test. html 9. Low Protein Diet Information for People with Kidney Diseases. http//www. geocities. com/HotSprings/ holiday resort/3265/lowp. html 10. See Definition of Creatinine. http//www. medterms. com/script/main/art. asp? articlekey=12550 4.) BUN/Creatinin ratio Definition BUN-to-creatinine ratio = 101-201 (over 12 months of age) =Up to 301 (infants less than 12 months of age) (See Blood Urea Nitrogen) http//www. bchealthguide. org/kbase/topic/medtest/aa36271/results. htm Disorder/Diseases High Level High ratios occur with acute kidney failure, which could be caused by conditions such as shock or severe dehydration Low Level Can be associated with a diet low in protein, and severe muscle injury called rhabdomyolysis, pregnancy, cirrhosis, inadequate antidiuretic hormone secretion. (See BUN/Creatinine ratio)http//www. thedoctorslounge. net/nephrology/forums/backup/topic-6481. html 5. ) Sodium Definition Sodium is deposited largely in the blood and in the fluid in the space surrounding the cells in our body. It is important in maintaining a normal fluid balance by all cells. Catalyst for plays a key role in normal warmheartedness and muscle function. Disorder/Disease Healthy kidneys must have a consistent amount of sodium in the body. Excess amount is excreted in the urin e. When the amount of sodium intake and loss are not in balance, the amount of water in the blood is affected.

African People in the Global Village Essay Example for Free

Afri nonify People in the worldwide re dissolvent EssayCertain things happen in one and only(a)s life, whether one likes them or non. You open fire not stand apart from it you motivating to experience the process of going through it. Let me give the fashion model of a car. It has two types of movements- in the lead movement and lateral movement. The energy (petrol, gas etc. ) relates to forward movement, without which the car can not start. You lease no control over it. As for the lateral movement, you as the individual parkway the car, have the control over its speed-you can drive it through the royal road, narrow lane, drive at 120 kms. per hour or just 30 kms- or not drive at all. retributory lock it in the garage for days together You ar living in a changing world- very fast changing world. The modified lifestyles, due to industrial revolution, the modern materialistic civilization, the internet revolution, atomic number 18 understanding-boggling. You need to r un your race, accelerate the steps, clear the hurdles and move towards the goal. Stop in between at your own peril Survival under kindling conditions and competition are not magic.Nor an element of take a chance is involved. The wise saying goes, When the going gets tough, the tough gets going. Survival pass on be extremely difficult for the African people in the global village, unless tangible steps, all-comprehensive projects are drawn up and implemented with speed and imagination, by responsible leaders and people. The test of the leadership lies in involving the people actively and forgetingly in such projects. African people in the Global village- the summary Africa is a big continent.The vastness of the area, multiplicity of heathenish conflicts, the fierce tribal loyalty prevailing even today, the religious factors, the difficult past, the historical factors some of which do exercise telling effect on the African nightclub and mind- unsex even today, render the solut ion difficult. John K. Marah, who is the Associate Professor and Coordinator in the African and African-American Studies Department at SUNY at Brockport, makes a concerned and well-studied approach to head solution in the book African People in the Global Village and the possible direction which they need to follow.Moreover, due to historical reasons, African people (the foul race) are spread all over the Western World. They are a noticeable political force, an awakened society in Countries like USA. Marah categorically opines that it is no use brooding over the past, its failures and bitter memories. He does the question of the present situation from an open-minded perspective. Confrontation at every stage is not going to aid the cause of the African people. They have to know their place and find out the ways and means to bourgeon within the global village.He calls it multidisciplinary approach and well-rounded understanding. Right from the beginning of the book, Marah is awar e that he is up to a difficult task, and the overmaster offspring of the book, African People in the Global Village, can not be discussed in isolation. Yet, he takes the direct plunge into the serious subject matter. The book has neither a preface nor a forward. For a highly sensitive and complicated subject like this, occasions detailed background would have been a helpful factor, but that is not given in the book. The biographical sketch is not provided.Nevertheless, it is a determined and well-informed effort to broach the subject matter which is so vast viewed from tough, social, political, historical, economic and cultural perspectives. The problems are ever growing like the octopus expanding in many directions and only a radical solution like Pan-Africanism is the solution according to Marah. But, to define Pan-Africanism is not the easiest of the tasks. He concludes that African people have no other choice but to move forward at a rapid pace, with the qualities of head and heart-be dynamic without destructionMarah begins his book on a tough note. African Sensibilities in the Global Village. He fails to give a clear message in this chapter one can not expect him to do so. The subject matte is so vast, complicated and the concern of Marah to offer a desperate solution to a desperate situation can be seen. He realizes his limitations-the subject matter he is up to tackle can not be discussed in isolationby referring to the conditions of the African people aloneTheir so-called more fortunate brothers in America also have their own problems and deep fears on many vital and fundamental aftermaths It would be prudent to link the problems of the dismal people of America with the barren people of Africa, as Marah rightly argues. At the end of the chapter he specifies, in this book we examine the position of African people in Africa and the United States with particular emphasis on some of their salient predicaments in the global system. ( Marah, 1998 p. 1 6).Having said this, Marah realizes about the uphill task forrader for him, for he fails to give appropriate solutions or alternatives. The discussions in the book naturally and essentially take him to outside Regions, where black race matters. In chapter 4, he discusses this aspect in detail. The black people issue is like the issue of a flowing river. It can not be discussed in parts. The river as a whole will have to be discussed to understand it. Its beginning, its course of flow and the area through which it passes, etc Marah has a message for the black people and the leadership.Some inspiring political and economic leadership has to take over and lead, to achieve the set goal. He makes a case for the entry of socio-spiritual leadership to play its role, because what the Global Village Africa needs is not only fine projects but fine individuals to implement the projects-that is what he means when he says about the business leader of the people to survive in a new environment. New skills are required to push ahead in such circumstances. The thought process of the people requires a new orientation and change.When the thoughts are changed, the mind is changed when he mind is changed, the man is changed when the man is changed, the society is changed when the society is changed, the nation is changed when several such nations are changed, the African continent will change for the better Then only the African people in the Global Village will achieve plenty and prosperity. For survival, wherever may be it, certain prefatorial skills are necessary, and African People in the Global Village, are no exception. Education gets top anterioritythe ability to read with understanding. Speak boldly so hat others can understand and appreciate your problems.It is not that you expect sympathy from others but in a democratic society, when your fundamental rights are guaranteed by the Constitution, you need not be condemned by anyone either-you need not live your life lik e a parched potato always. The majority of the ills of African People are due to poor response to globalization. This lethargy is frightening and it will continue to bother and trouble them in every aspect of life, unless something tangible is done as cursorily as possible. African people will head for an economic and social disaster and moral doom, if they do no wake up and react speedily.

A Black City Within the White” Essay Example for Free

A downhearted City Within the White EssayLoic Wacquants A Black City Within the White provides an absorbing and honest perspective on the continuation of racial dissimilarity and discrimination in urban America. He contends the black world within the whiteness world exists receivable to the continued exclusion of blacks to the extent the black world is virtually unknown and unnoticed by white America. He makes the case through an examination of urban semantics, specifical-ly the use of the words ghetto and slum. He believes the maestro terms referred to either a immersion of a specific ethnic group (ghetto) or concentration of poverty (slum). Wacquant states the term ghetto began to include slum as reflecting housing discrimination as well as black urban poverty. He believes the term ghetto is now much closer to slum in meaning, as whites prefer thinking in terms of in make it disparity instead of ingrained racial prejudice. Thus the plan of ghetto has been stripped of its eth-noracial referent and denuded of any mention of group, power, and oppression(thus it) obfuscates the history and enduring human race of racial division in the United States (143).See more Social process essayIn nitty-gritty the terminology has been changed by whites more comfortable with consider-ing a mythical colorblind poverty level instead of the reality of racial prejudice and in-equity. Wacquant makes the point that a ghetto is not simply a term but an institution-al path (143). It is indeed a world if itself caused by power and economic discrimina-tion that is either not acknowledged or misunderstood by whites. The reading provides and insight that I did not have before reading and contemplating the issues. It is im-portant to me to sieve to understand the background and culture of others.Without that understanding communication and relationships are very(prenominal) superficial. This reading has also been very helpful in understanding how often terms and meanings e xit often change, and code words come into use. This gives me the incentive to look past certain words to be certain of the real meaning the drug user is trying to convey. This is an unfortunate but com-mon problem we face in communication and perhaps readers of this work will come away better prepared to address an issue without the need for dishonest language.

Employment Law Essay Example for Free

booking Law auditionEarly this course of study, on that point are reports that the number of employees calling in sick has risen to staggering levels. fit in to an absence seizure management company, there are about 3. 6 million employees who called in sick the head start week of January (Pitcher, 2008). The United Kingdom ranked as second as having the most number of employees with bulky call sickness in a survey conducted by the European Community (Tehrani and Rainbird, 2005). The level of absence for UK was 27. 2% as against an average of 16. % of the European Union (Tehrani and Rainbird, 2005). An approximate figure of 14. 1 million old age were lost to stress and anxiety in 2001 (Tehrani and Rainbird, 2005). Absences due to stress and mental problems significantly affect twain the employer and the employees. This matter on the face of it has been taken for granted and unaddressed for sometime until the enactment of the Dis big businessman Discrimination knead 1995 (DDA), practice present 2002, Employment Rights Act 1996, and the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974.This written report shall show the manner by which the pertinent provisions of these pieces of legislation are applied to a suppositional case and it shall also seek to identify and explain the remedies of an employee in case of violation of the provisions. Disability indisposition Absence The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 defines disability as bingle having a physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on his ability to delight out normal solar day-to-day activities (Section 1(1), Part 1, DDA 1995).The Industrial courtroom has applied the definition to the different cases brought forward it. For instance, in the case of Greenwood v. United Tiles Limited the employee concerned was suffering from diabetes and was held to be disabled by the Tribunal (Greenwood v. United Tiles Limited 1101067/97/C). In the case of ONeil v Symm f ellowship Limited, the Tribunal considered ME or chronic fatigue syndrome as a disability (ONeil v Symm Company Limited, 2700054/97).Even abdominal effort which had no medical examination diagnosis with respect to its origin was declared as a disability by the Tribunal in the case of Howden v Capital Copiers (Edinburgh) Limited (400005/97) (Thompsons Solicitors nett site, 2007). Anent mental disability, Walton v LI Group Limited case involved an employee who had learning difficulties. The Tribunal obtaind that the employee is considered disabled under the DDA basing its determination on the testimonial evidence of the employees parents and the fact that the employee was receiving disability living allowance (Walton v LI Group Limited, 1600562/97).The increased awareness for mental wellness and issues associated with it has accelerated in time, clinical depression is in fact already considered as a disability. Clinical depression is a common mood perturb in psychology and psyc hiatry in which a persons enjoyment of life and ability to function socially and in day-to-day matters is disrupted by intense sadness, melancholia, numbness or discouragement (Farlex Free Dictionary wind vane site, n. d. ).In the recent compendiumed case of OHanlon v Commissioners for HM Revenue Customs, the Employment Appeal Tribunal rationaled that clinical depression is considered a disability and therefore falls within the coverage of the DDA 1995 OHanlon v Commissioners for HM Revenue Customs (2007) EWCA Civ 283. Applying the above handleed sub judice principles to the disposed hypothetical case, Vangeer has been diagnosed to be suffering from clinical depression. This was brought about by the incident when she accidentally pricked herself with a needle which she picked up bit tonicing a bus in the depot of her employer.This ca social functiond panic attacks and anxiety and for which she was given a year off from rub down. At this juncture, it is important to stre ss that the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 requires the employers to discipline the health and safety of its employees in the place of work. Towards its realization, the law imposes upon the employer the duty to progress the provision and maintenance of correct and systems of work that are, so far as is reasonably practicable, safe and without risks to health (Section 2 (2)(a), HSWA 1974).This means that garner Pace Bus Company should have provided a system of work including protective gear for those who clean their buses (Health Safety Executive, 2006). In addition, the employer is also supposed to take measures to protect their employee who whitethorn return to work considering that there is more likelihood that the employee may be weak because of the injury or disability (Health Safety Executive, 2006). Vangeer went on sickness absence for about a year. Sickness absence may be short term or long term.A long term sickness absence connotes serious medical reasons suc h(prenominal) as in the case of Vangeer. Long-term absence is usually defined as a flow of absence in excess of two weeks (Corcoran, 2006). When she returned for work, a new group leader made prejudiced remarks about her race. In hindsight, this may be considered as a violation of the run Relations Act 1976. It may be shown that there is direct dissimilarity of Vangeer because she is black such as when she is hardened slight favourably than another (Thompsons Solicitors, n. d. ).Moreover, it may be shown that there is some form of harassment under the Race Relations Act 1976 as amended by the New Regulations of 2003 (Thompsons Solicitors, n. d. ). Harassment is broad as to implicate abusive language, excessive monitoring of work, excessive criticism of someones work etc. (Thompsons Solicitors, n. d. ). It may be submited that Vangeer suffered by because she was degraded, intimidated and her dignity violated. The violation of her dignity is subjective and the Tribunal would need to rule using the reasonableness standard (Thompsons Solicitors, n. d.In this case, the effect of Bobs conduct has caused Vangeer to go on sickness absence for three weeks more based on the recommendation of her psychiatrist. Her transfer to another team was also suggested. Even ahead the full stop of sickness absence has lapsed, Snail Pace Bus Company was bought by decelerate Coach Ltd. and Vangeer was called to a meeting about her absence. Thereafter, she was dismissed from her utilisation with pay. Her acquittance is illegal. In relation to long-term sickness absence, the employer who dismisses an employee faces three potential legal risks (Lemon Co. 2008).Vangeer may file for a claim for un clean kindling, for disability discrimination and for violation of her urge on of employment. It is axiomatic that there exists amidst the employer and the employee, a contract of employment. It is an agreement whereby the rights and obligations of both the employee and the emp loyer are specified (Direct. Gov web site, 2008). When the employee accepts employment, there is an automatic contract of employment that is created heedless of whether this has been reduced into committal to writing (Direct.Gov web site, 2008). Generally, employment contracts contain the following clauses commencement, term, job title and duties, place of work, hours of work, pay, holiday entitlement, pension, sickness absence, intellectual property, confidentiality, termination disciplinary, dismissal and grievance executions, and collective agreements(Clickdocs web site, n. d. ). The terms of employment in respect of hours of work, pay, termination of employment and other benefits are provided by the statutes.This being the case, the employer is mandated to comply with the provisions of the statutes. For instance, dismissal procedures should be observed. In the twinkling case, Vangeer was invited to a meeting to discuss her absence and after a day she was dismissed from empl oyment with pay. The Employment Act 2002, Part 3, Section 30 (1) provides that, Every contract of employment shall have effect to require the employer and employee to comply, in relation to any matter to which a statutory procedure applies, with the requirements of the procedure (EA 2002).The law requires that the employer observe the procedure in cases of dismissal as provided for under section 29, agendum 2 Statutory Dispute Resolution Procedures, Chapter 1 and 2. Substantially, the employer is required by law to put into writing the circumstances and acts of the employee which he led him to initiate disciplinary or dismissal steps and invite him to discuss it in a meeting. The employee moldiness have notice and reasonable prospect to be apprised of the selfsame(prenominal). After the meeting, the employer must(prenominal) inform the employee of his last and inform him of his right to appeal.Should the employee opt for an appeal, another meeting should be scheduled before the dismissal or the disciplinary penalty shall have been effective (Section 29, Schedule 2, Chapter 1, EA 2002). In the instant case, Vangeer apparently may have been given an unfairly short notice and was not informed of her right of appeal if she was not satisfied with the decision. In retrospect, the jurisdiction over wrongful dismissal cases were lodged in courts until 1994 when jurisdiction was given to the Employment Tribunals which were authorised to grant only up to GBP25,000 (British Employment web site, 2007).A contrary rule is observed with respect to unfair dismissals and discrimination cases, where the courts can award greater amounts of monetary damages. Wrongful dismissal results when employer fails to give the employee notice in accordance with the employment contract and without appropriate pay (British Employment web site, 2007). It has been observed though that it is better for the employee to sue if the contract provides a fairly long notice period (British Employm ent web site, 2007).Monetary damages in these cases are computed based on the amount of dismission in terms of compensation and other benefits. Unfair dismissal occurs when the employee is terminated from employment and the employer in doing so had no valid and justifiable reason (Direct. gov web site, 2008). The Employment Rights Act 1996, specifically Part X sections 111 to 132 provide for the remedies in case of unfair dismissal. In a nutshell, there are three options an purchase order for reinstatement, an order for re-engagement or an order for compensation.Reinstatement is when the Tribunal orders the employer to put the employee back to work with the same position and delegate tasks. There is re-engagement when the employee is placed back to work with a new post and tasks but under the same employer ((British Employment web site, 2007). In cases where the Tribunal issues an order for reinstatement or re-engagement, it cannot also order compensation Wilson (HM inspector of Taxes) v Clayton (2003) EWCA Civ 1657. In the instant case, Vangeer was illicitly dismissed because of her long absence.The Employment Rights Act 1996 provide for the employers responsibilities in case sickness absence and dismissal are due to ill-health (Mace Jones web site, 2007). Bad health may be considered a good basis for dismissal of an employee because it affects the ability and capacity of the employee to perform his delegate duties and tasks. The law mandates that in order for a dismissal based on ill-health can be considered as fair, the employer must observe and comply with the legal requirements (Mace Jones web site, 2007).The employee must be given the reasonable opportunity to recover and return to work before they can be dismissed (Lemon Co. web site, 2008). In the instant case, Snail Pace Bus Company gave Vangeer about a year to recover from her clinical depression. A return to work programme was drawn up for her. Her relapse was instigated by her new manager. S he was given a three week off from work and before the lapse of that time she was dismissed after the word of honor with Slow Coach Ltd. Vangeer apparently was not given a reasonable opportunity to even use her three week off when in fact, the relapse was caused by management.However, it should be pointed out that not in all cases shall the employer be liable even if he partly or wholly was responsible for the stupidity of the employee. In the case of McAdie v Royal Bank of Scotland 2007 EWCA Civ 806, the Employment Appeal Tribunal reversed the decision of the Employment Tribunal when it ruled that the dismissal was justified even if the employer, partly or wholly caused the employees incapacity because based on the medical evidence obtained there was no prospect of the employee returning to work McAdie v Royal Bank of Scotland (2007) EWCA Civ 806.Another requirement would be is for the employer to seek evidence of the medical experimental condition of the illness of the employee . The employer must request for medical reports from the employees physician upon the authorisation of the former (Lemon Co. web site, 2008). The employer may also request for the examination of the employee by the employers own physician. The meeting should be for purposes of assessing the current medical state, the existing medical advice and medical evidence. In the case of Vangeer, Slow Coach Ltd. ailed to request the medical reports from her physician.Moreover, the employee must be consulted through a series of meetings for purposes of exploring ways and issues for alternative options and reasonable adjustments (Lemon Co. web site, 2008). Albeit, there is one meeting conducted with Vangeer, no exhaustive discussion seemed to have been made. Finally, The employer must consider the possibility of making adjustments to the work environment in order to permit the employee to return to work (Lemon Co. eb site, 2008).When Vangeer was ill the first time, the employer made a progra mme which allowed her to start work late and go home early. However in the case of relapse, the pinch that she be re-assigned to a different team was not deliberated upon and carried out by Slow Coach Ltd. It is the debt instrument of the employer to seek and accept suggestions from the employee on how she can work when she returns.In a complaint for unfair dismissal, the Employment Tribunal shall take the following brokers into consideration nature of the employees illness, the likely duration of the illness, the nature of the job, the needs of the employer, the employees distance of service, the type (and amount) of sick pay paid to the employee and alternative employment (Lemon Co. web site, 2008). The most important factor that will be considered is whether the employer took measures in gathering information and ascertaining medical reports from which he would base a fair and reasonable conclusion and decision.There must be recent, comprehensive and competent medical findin gs (Direct. gov web site, 2008). He must also comply with the procedures in dismissing an employee in accordance with the Employment Act 2002 and the Dispute Regulations 2004 (Direct. gov web site, 2008). Failure to follow the statutory minimum dismissal and disciplinary procedure shall make him liable to a minimum basic award of 4 weeks pay. Furthermore, any compensation awarded by an Employment Tribunal may increase by 10-50% (Direct. gov web site, 2008). There is no distinction between sickness absence and disability.In the case of Clark v Novacold (18901661/97) the Industrial Tribunal concluded that there should be no distinction between the two, and dismissal for sickness absence does in fact relate to the disability and accordingly is prima facie unlawful (Thompsons Solicitors web site, 1997). According to Solicitor Michael Corcoran, if the disability is the cause of the long term sickness absence and the employee was in fact dismissed, such dismissal is tantamount to discrimi nation unless it is shown that dismissal is justifiable (Corcoran, 2006).The lack of knowledge of Slow Coach Ltd. may have on the disability would be irrelevant and immaterial to the issue of whether Vangeer was treated less favourably (Corcoran, 2006). Under Section 20 of the Discrimination Disability Act 1995, direct discrimination is committed when the employee is treated less favourably than another not suffering from such disability and that such treatment is by reason of the employees disability (DDA 2005).Moreover, the employer shall also be liable if he failed to make reasonable adjustments so that the disabled employee can continue his or her employment (HSE, n. d. ). The law requires that the employer go an supernumerary mile for the disabled employee, albeit the law does not set parameters of its extent. However, case law has laid down legal principles based on each of the precedent-setting case (HSE, n. d. ).