Saturday, December 28, 2019
How Do Cell Phones Change Society - 991 Words
How do cell phones change society? Do you realize how much you use your phone? And how phones affect your social life? Cell Phones affect society in good and bad ways. Its impossible to imagine a time when there were no phones, which was a long time ago. During 1983 the first phone was made, it took 10 hours to charge the battery. Before smartphone were invented. We even have portable chargers now. No one could imagine life without phones. Weather your checking twitter or texting a friend. Everyone likes to talk, listen and learn about new things. Todd Stark weather said ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s up to the student whether or not they choose to spend class time listening and learning, or wasting their time on the phone.â⬠Majority can afford phones now. Beforeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦People are starting to meet through Internet and exchange each otherââ¬â¢s numbers. Strangers you meet arenââ¬â¢t always good people. The majority of teens use their phones 24/7. People have a habit of checking their phones every 5 minutes. Teens send over 2,000 texts a month. They carry it with them everywhere they go. Cell phones are also used in bed, and placed near your pillow. Which is extremely bad for kids. It would cause problems. Even when it comes to charging phones, theyââ¬â¢re charged in the bedroom. 80 percent of teens are able to sleep easier with their phone near them. People are getting lazier everyday. Kids arenââ¬â¢t doing as many sports or activities as before. Instead theyre using their phones texting. Even texting today is shortened by using initials, so not the whole word is typed. Words and grammar mistakes are corrected by auto correct. Itll make people depend on Internet to correct their mistakes. They wouldnt want to learn about grammar in English theyââ¬â¢d just let their devices do everything for them. Instead of typing, we can talk on the phone or even the phone types for us when we talk. Using phones in public places or while eating with your family and friends is actually very rude. People receive inappropriate pictures or videos, which are even sent to kids. Theyll learn new things and pass it on to their friends to see too. Some people areShow MoreRelatedCell Phones And Its Effect On Society904 Words à |à 4 PagesTodayââ¬â¢s society is in uncharted grounds when it comes to the use of technology. Cell phones are one of the many ground breaking inventions that came out of this technological era society is in now. The technology of cell phones has come a long way since the first cell phone was made. Today they are much more than just a device to talk to someone. In 2007 the first smartphone was released which was the iPhone and in 2008 the first android was released which allowed people to have access to the internetRead MoreEffects Of Cell Phones1159 Words à |à 5 PagesAre Cell Phones Destroying a Generation? The onset of cell phones has had a great impact in the modern society, and especially the millennials or the teens, and as such it has led to the destruction of a generation. It is apparent that what researchers call the iGen, people born between the year 1995 and the year 2012, depend greatly on their cell phones and their well-being majorly depends on their cell phones (Twenge 188). Researchers also prove that the iGen value their cell phones more thatRead MoreAbused Innovation In Frankenstein1267 Words à |à 6 PagesAbused Innovation in Our Society ââ¬Å"What can stop the determined heart and resolved will of man?â⬠(Shelley 18). In Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Frankenstein, Shelley demostrates how innovation can be advantageous. Although, when is comes to a point where we begin to exploit our innovations and advancements, we may put ourselves into threatening situations. Many years after Shelleyââ¬â¢s novel released, we began to experience some of these complications. As the Nineteenth Century developed, great change materialized. MillionsRead MoreImpact of Cell Phones1262 Words à |à 6 Pagesusage of cellular phones has become ubiquitous in our American society, illustrating the growing effects of technology on our advancing society. It is nearly impossible to imagine entering any public setting without encountering at least one person using a cell phone because this has become a part of normal, everyday life. The benefits to mobile communication are numerous; however, many would argue that the detriments are abundant as well. An impartial view of the effects of cell phone use would stillRead MoreHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially1503 Words à |à 7 PagesHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially Having a cell phone is very convenient and helpful most of the time. They are great for emergencies, but not everyone knows of the potential negative impacts these phones have on our lives. In the past several years there have been numerous studies looking into the problems, which cell phone cause. This paper will show how the cell phone has had a dynamic impact on social interactions in todayââ¬â¢s society. First it will show the point of having a cellular phoneRead MoreMobile Phones And The Mobile Phone987 Words à |à 4 PagesIn this day and age, it is almost impossible to not have a cell phone; the number of people who own a cell phone is growing every year. ââ¬Å"At the end of 2011, there were almost 6 billion mobile subscriptions. That is a dramatic increase from 5.4 billion in 2010 and 4.7 billion mobile subscriptions in 2009â⬠(International Tele - communications Union, 2011). With the introduction into society the cell phone established a convenient way to communicate between individuals, and they have also connectedRead MoreNegative Effects of Cell Phones1731 Words à |à 7 Pagestask easier. A cell phone is a type of technology that is a common thing to see in everyday life. The world and the people in it have gotten used to this technology. Cell phones are making the lives of an estimated two hundred sixty five million Americans (Natterson 103) and three billion worldwide (Natterson 103), easier. As useful as cell phones may be, there are negative effects in over using cell phones. Cell phone technology was first developed in the 1980ââ¬â¢s, but cell phones became common inRead MoreThe Problem with Cell Phones in Todays Society1390 Words à |à 6 Pages11 Nov. 2014 Outline Thesis: The usage of cell phones in modern day society has caused quite the problem for citizens in this generation by being a major distraction, causing addictions, and has sadly became the main resource of communication. I. Introduction: What if every cell phone in the world crashed? How would society communicate? How would one know when someoneââ¬â¢s birthday is without getting a notification for it? Some people wouldnââ¬â¢t even know when to get up each morning. Thirty yearsRead MoreTechnology And Social Change : Technology935 Words à |à 4 PagesIntroduction to Technology and Social Change As human beings we strive to push forward to continuously make changes to our way of living. The way society and the advancement of technology it is almost impossible not to want to even keep up at the rate things progress. To further discuss this topic technology is the invention of tools and techniques. Technological change is the invention of a technology, the continuous process of improving technology throughout society. Society is the grouping of people throughRead MoreCommunication And Cell Phones In The Texas Chain Saw Massacre1019 Words à |à 5 Pagestheir phones to reply to a text or check out a new instagram picture that whomever posted. Correspondingly, phones and the internet play a monumental role in our society today as how humans communicate relies solely on these devices. Comparable to our phones, our society craves horror such as in horror films and books. One specific horror film that is famous in the U.S. is The Texas Chain Saw Massacre, involving five kids tha t stumble upon an eery home. How would this movie change if the cell phones
Friday, December 20, 2019
Essay about The Media as a Mirror of the Asian-American Women
Imagine a distant post-apocalyptic future in which a group of researchers discovers a stack of DVDs of 20th and 21st century Hollywood movies of Asian American actresses. After watching those movies, what might the researchers conclude about the characteristics of Asian American women in the movies? Certainly, they will view Asian American women as sexual and erotic objects of the society that white men can score with ease. Why do I assume they will think that way? The answer is a simple, yet controversial one: mostly, the media, as the history proves, portrays Asian American women either as erotic sex slaves of white men or as insidious personalities who lure their prey into a trap with their sex appeal. If we look into the history,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As a result, the Asian females lost their sense of ââ¬Å"individualityâ⬠and ââ¬Å"diversity of what it means to be Chinese.â⬠As Connie accents, the stereotypical representation of Asian women increased du ring ââ¬Å"the US involvement with the Philippines wars, Japan and China in World War II, and more recently, the Korean and Vietnamese Warsâ⬠because the American soldiers saw Asian women ââ¬Å"as prostitutes and sexual objects who provide rest and recuperation from the war zonesâ⬠(as cited in sitemaker.umich.edu). As time passed and media came into existence, stereotypical names, such as ââ¬Å"Dragon Ladyâ⬠and ââ¬Å"China Doll,â⬠of Asian-American women began to represent the Asian American women as sexual and erotic objects in the media. ââ¬Å"Dragon Ladyâ⬠is a ââ¬Å"dangerous and seductive womanâ⬠whose nature is ââ¬Å"belligerentâ⬠and ââ¬Å"domineeringâ⬠(yourdictionary.com). Historical roots of the ââ¬Å"Dragon Ladyâ⬠date back to the late 1800s when in the imperial China, the empress, Tzu-hsi, suffered the ââ¬Å"Dragon Throne,â⬠a term used to identify the removal of an emperor of the imperial China (asian-natio n.org). The New York Times labeled her as ââ¬Å"the wicked witch of the East, a reptilian dragon lady who had arranged the poisoning, strangling, beheading, or forced suicide of anyone who had ever challenged her autocratic ruleâ⬠Show MoreRelatedMovie Analysis : Mean Girls813 Words à |à 4 Pagesclassified developing our ideas of how these work in social setting specifically on those of teenagers. From the start of the movie we clearly see the categorization of groups of students together because of their race, we see African Americans together, Asian Americans together and groups of white students together. The movie Mean Girls also defines the status of a group because of their economic status, we hear one of the students describing how someone is so popular because she owns two expensiveRead MoreBeauty Culture: An Examination the Effects Media Has on Society 1440 Words à |à 6 Pagesthirty-three billion dollar industry, with the cosmetic industry following close behin d with twenty billion yearly (Wolf 16). However, this obsession with beauty is not without cause. As stated in Body Image: Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women, and Children, ââ¬Å"In affluent Western societies, slenderness is generally associated with happiness, success, youthfulness, and social acceptability. Being overweight is linked to laziness, lack of willpower, and being out of control.â⬠(Grogan 325) DespiteRead MoreCultural Proximity And Cultural Distance1523 Words à |à 7 PagesJapanese economy soared, its media products such as manga, TV shows, movies and music spread out across Asia. Especially, the young people in Asia began to embrace Japanese culture rather than the culture from the most dominant culture exporter- the United State, and this phenomenon was analyzed by Koichi Iwabuchi in his Feel Asian Modernities. His account of this intra-regionalization in Asia is cultural proximity that Japanese culture shares intimate similarities with other Asi an countries and appeal toRead MoreThe Little Mermaid For Example1632 Words à |à 7 PagesHuman beings have always endeavored to make themselves more attractive. Adorning jewelry, clothing hairstyles, and beauty products in the effort to heighten our beauty has been practiced and even celebrated by women for centuries. However, with more technologies and advancements the world has entered into a new enhancement: Cosmetic Surgery. The question that I pose is: Why? Why is it that this ââ¬Å"body-changing cultureâ⬠has enveloped the female world? Beliefs of beauty are so deeply engrained intoRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of The Movie The Single Moms Club 1323 Words à |à 6 PagesIn todayââ¬â¢s society, media portrays more stereotypes than we can count on one hand. Latinoââ¬â¢s and Latinaââ¬â¢s are particularly stereotyped in media way too often. ââ¬Å"This overview of the most common Hispanic stereotypes portrayed in the media reveals why sweeping generalizations about Latinos are harmfulâ⬠(Nittle). Whether it is a male or female Latin actress/actor, the stereotypes rage from: Latin lovers and sexpotââ¬â¢s to thugs and immigrants. When in reality, not all Latinoââ¬â¢s are what the stereotypes claimRead MoreStereotypes in M. Butterfly Essay1558 Words à |à 7 Pagesbuys into the Western male stereotype that Eastern women need protection by strong, masculine Western men. Gallimard ends up falling in love with Song and has an affair with her to fulfill the stereotypical idea of a dominant Weste rn male controlling an Eastern woman. Throughout Gallimardââ¬â¢s relationship with Song, the readers discover that Song is in reality a male spy for the Chinese government. Song had manipulated his looks and actions to mirror those of the ideal Chinese woman in order to earnRead MoreFactors That Affect Social Mobility Essay1338 Words à |à 6 Pages1) What are some of the factors that affect social mobility? Can these be overcome? Education: ââ¬Å"Over the past fifty years, Asian Americans, Latinos/as, and African Americans have placed great importance on education as a mean of attaining the American Dream. Many people of color have moved into the upper middle class by acquiring a higher level of educationâ⬠(Kendall, D. 2014. p.219). Attaining an education does not always guarantee wealth and success for persons of color all the time, but it isRead MoreThe Effects of Media on the Body-Image of Preadolescent Girls1997 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Effects of Media on the Body-Image of Preadolescent Girls Media is infamous for having a tremendous effect on teenage girls. The mass media have long been criticized for presenting unrealistic appearance ideals that contribute to the development of negative body image for many women and girls (Harrison Hefner, 2006). Whether itââ¬â¢s the influence on their choice of friends, school, or their self image, media has played an important role in affecting those decisions. A growing number of experimentalRead MoreGloablization4764 Words à |à 20 PagesMisconstructed African American Beauty and Hip-Hop Culture Kerri A. Reddick-Morgan Georgia State University kreddick1@student.gsu.edu Abstract From news coverage to entertainment, the media shapes, reflects, reinforces and defines the world in which we live. In publishing, theatre, films, television and popular music-industries largely controlled by white men--Blacks continually struggle for both a voice and representation. Many scholars write about the stereotyping of Blacks in the media (Meyers, 1999;Read MoreThe Double Standard Of Cultural Appropriation : What Is Wrong With Your Favorite Pop Stars?1474 Words à |à 6 Pagesthem a significance that is completely different than the original. With pop culture, pop stars like Katy Perry, Miley Cyrus, Gwen Stefani, Selena Gomez and Iggy Azeala have all engaged in displays of cultural appropriation. This creates a stir in media and politics because there is a fine line between musical influence and cultural appropriation and some individuals are simply not aware of this difference and what consists as what. Cultural exchange in music videos and performances can be seen as
Thursday, December 12, 2019
Asses the Role of Pompey as a Significant Military Leader free essay sample
Pompey was crucial and significant during the period of the rise and fall of Rome, steadily yet surely he increased ranks within the Roman politics order via Military and Political events. Despite coming form a Cinna family (enemy of Sulla) Pompey became a strong leader along side Sulla. Only to derail from Sullaââ¬â¢s beliefs and order that he so idolised, to grow and lead on his own. Pompeyââ¬â¢s rise to political power (which was the strongest of powers in Rome) was highly based on his military techniques and endeavours. The revolt of Lepidus in 77BC began ironically by Lepidus agreeing to an oath to not fight between consuls, but the Populares still arrived only years later with an army to rebel against Sullaââ¬â¢s reforms and Cursus Honorum. This army was lead by Himself and Brutus. The senate seeing Lepidus as a threat, granted Pompey Propraetorian imperium, the power to guide an army, for the second time (*) to assist Catalus. Catulus defeated Lepidus, and shortly after Brutus fell to Pompey, and was killed. Not all of the army of Lepidus were killed, and they fled to Spain in search of a new leader, as they were an army, not wanting to split and return home. As they reached Spain they joined under power with Sertorius, a Roman rebel leader. Pompey, already admired with his efforts against Lepidus, wanted to boost his glory, in doing so he ignored Catulusââ¬â¢s orders to disband his army to be granted the permission to fight along side Metellus against Sertorius. These efforts were once again successful for persuasive Pompey and he was granted a third illegal imperium as they also had no choice as Sertorius became more fearful. Again the fear of being taken over or destruction of what Sulla had created, including the powerful senate standings, had been left on the, extremely willing, Pompey, who gladly took the place next to Metellus and after most of the defeat had passed, Pompey arrives to ââ¬Ëclear offââ¬â¢ the handful of Sertoriusââ¬â¢ army only to arrive home in all glory as being the main contender in the win over Sertorius. The allies of Sertorius in Spain were treated humanely by Pompey, and strategically became a profitable investment for Rome as he granted some citizenship. (*) Pompeyââ¬â¢s early relations with Sulla had granted him his first propraetorian imperium. These actions were unheard of as Pompey firstly had no political power and was far below the requisite age. This was against Sullaââ¬â¢s own reforms during his own time under his own observation. This occasion was the start of Pompey as a powerful politically strong Roman with the help of Sulla and the senates need and lengths they would go to remain in power. After Pompey had been successful against the Marians, Sulla stated him as ââ¬ËMagnusââ¬â¢ (great), Pompey began to grow, not only in power but in self belief and strength, demanding a triumph for his efforts. Pompey states ââ¬Ëthat more people worship the rising than the setting sunââ¬â¢ implying that he, who is growing will gain respect and power whilst the old, setting men will fall, referring to Sulla. Sulla again disobeyed his own reforms that were based on age, experience and political power and gave in to his requests. At this time, Sulla as well as senators noticed that Pompey was beginning to rise, reputation wise and politically and his significance in Romeââ¬â¢s wellbeing became more and more crucial. The senate made efforts to reduce Pompeyââ¬â¢s input into the security of Rome as the situation became more obvious. Sallust quotes Pompey towards the senate ââ¬Å"For after having exposed me, in spite of my youth, to a cruel war, you have, so far as in you lay, destroyed me and my faithful army, the most wretched of all deaths, starvation. â⬠[1] Yet he always remained the one of power, experience and military ââ¬Ëappealââ¬â¢ Piracy in the periods of 80-70BC in the Mediterranean sea was widespread and was a large problem, but never concerned Rome or its crucial provinces. Large farm owners dismissed the pirates as sometimes they made profits from the trades that the pirates made at markets. This began to come across as threatening to Rome and after attempts to dislodge the pirates they simply moved location from Cilicia to Crete. In 67 pirate activities began to disadvantage Rome and the corn industries. Aulus Gabinius a roman statesmen and general prosed to pass a law under the name Lex Gabinia which would grant extraordinary power to a Roman with the responsibility to ââ¬Å"drive the pirates off the seaâ⬠(Gabinius). This imperium was directed to friend of Gabinius; Pompey, and was just what Pompey needed to excel his reputation. Gabiniusââ¬â¢ choice was one of precision, to put forward the word of Pompey to the senate to gain ââ¬Å"amiciâ⬠with not only the soon to be powerful Pompey but also the senate for his guidance. The provisions were read to the people and they were all for this. The senate warned of the dangers of giving one person of Pompeyââ¬â¢s stature this large amount of power but it still went forward. Pompey manned his own section of the large fleet and distributed the rest of this army across the Mediterranean. He first commanded the west of the sea, surrounding pirate forces and sending them to harbours. Within fourteen days the entire Western Mediterranean had be cleared and lived up to the expectations that were placed upon him. This expertise of military shown by Pompey was outstanding, and was greatly recognised as it was on sea as well. Although he had shown the job can be done, the senate in Rome along with Catulus remained in uncertainty as this power would be available to him for 3 years. Pompeyââ¬â¢s orders continued as they moved east, conquering fleets of pirates as some gave themselves up and in return, treated humanely. The surrender of the remaining fleets at Cilicia marked the end of this war in only 3 months. This marked another milestone in Pompeyââ¬â¢s rise to power and military and political status. Word of his efforts had reached home before he arrived back; saved cities viewed him as ââ¬Å"saviour. â⬠Plutach quotes wall graffiti in Athens, referring to Pompey ââ¬Å"The more you know youre a man, the more you become a god. [2] But although the war was over, his decisions next prove to be one of genius towards increasing the spread and workforce of the Roman Empire. Pompey did not slave all his enemies but instead developed a plan of resettlement. In the idea that being resettled and given the opportunity to work, farm and cultivate they would be happier and receive citizenship. This variation in leadership and war demonstrated his ability to command, not just concur. Take a problem and with the judgement and suitable power and turn it into profitable circumstances. Under populated cities of Cilicia and available land in Greece was soon filled and eliminated the piracy that threatened The Empire. Pompey starting out as a good friend of Sulla, an amici; Pompeyââ¬â¢s attitudes and contribution to the Empire was a recognised from such a young age. This age was extremely low, and was accompanied by his lack of political and military status, which went completely against the wishes and reforms of Sulla. As Pompey grew his presence became more and more crucial to the sustainability of the Empire which assisted his rise to political power. The senate even continued to go against Sullaââ¬â¢s reforms even though they had 2 very great reasons not to; it was against the views of a great ruler and his system of ââ¬ËCursus Honorumââ¬â¢ (power to those who served the time, and power was rewarded to those successful in the political community) and it was obvious that the more room you gave to Pompey and the more request and honour, the more he grew, the more dangerous he became. After a series of extraordinary commands and triumphs Pompey decided then to play by the rules and lay low and uneasily reframing from providing his military expertise from who sought them, such as the senate. He disbanded the legions and prepared to live as a Roman politician. Pompey still had to repay promises he had made like finding farmlands for retired veterans. Although it seemed to be a time of rest or change from the norm he never ceased to crave the political power that engulfed The Roman Empire, which is why he and Crassus and Caesar created the Triumvirate (first of the kind). This agreement to work together for their own ends was inappropriately named as this alliance was not a legally established body and was even a secret for sometime. The three members joined for different reasons, and they all benefited from each others activities/statusââ¬â¢; Crassus, the populare was wealthy and was in search of status in Rome and Caesar was in need of money and Pompey was still aiming to accelerate after completing his period as Consul. This ââ¬Ëpower houseââ¬â¢ of political friendship (amicitiae) became isolated from the Roman society but juxtaposed the idea of Populares and Optimates and also the senate. It was the idea that you either were for the Triumvirate or not important. This coalition passed laws and promoted Caesar for his upcoming to consul. It was shown that Pompeyââ¬â¢s career was far from over. His significance as a leader was proven that it wasnââ¬â¢t ââ¬Ëjustââ¬â¢ the military aspects that he partook in that helped him rise to receive the triumphs and all glory or his manipulative actions towards Sulla and the senate where his role was crucial. But that he was a noble and successful politician as well. This may have been successful as law as were passed and plans were all followed through it wasnââ¬â¢t always going to be as glorious as time continued. Velleius Paterculus states ââ¬Å"its results were to bring ruin to the city, the world, and even at different times, to each of the three menâ⬠[3] Pompeyââ¬â¢s career as a political significance to the Roman Empire was mostly assisted by his military background. With the help of Roman assemblies, Pompey was allowed to rise through the ranks and show that he was able to command his army as well as be in great power and handle those who were for and against him. He grew to become a significant military and leader of his time by following and learning significant leaders, gaining trust with power and not only conquering, but commanding. His actions/events that have been shown have benefited him over the period as he rose, but was a highly significant part in the fall of The Roman Empire. Bibliography http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Aulus_Gabinius http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Spartacus http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sulla http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Catallus http://www. knowledgerush. com/kr/encyclopedia/Pompey_the_Great/ http://ancienthistory. about. com/library/bl/bl_time_firsttrium. htm http://penelope. uchicago. edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/Sayings_of_Romans*/B. html http://www. unrv. com/fall-republic/first-triumvirate. hp Ancient Rome IV The Fall of the Roman Kingdom http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=Bg2MT_FhGYs=related Ancient Rome XX The Conquests of Pompey http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=-B9p_KVqkZ8 -In Beard, M. North, J. Price Religions of Rome, Vol. 1 -SALLUST ââ¬â Loeb classics series -Great rivals in History: When Politics Gets personal Cummins, Joseph. Sydney: Murdoch Books, 2 008 -A Noise of War: Caesar, Pompey, Octavian, and the struggle for Rome Langguth, A. J. New York : Simon Schuster, c1994. -The Romans : life in the Empire Guittard, Charles. Brookfield, Conn. : Millbrook Press, c1992.
Wednesday, December 4, 2019
Bipolar Disorder Psyc 103 Fall 95 The phenomenon o Essay Example For Students
Bipolar Disorder Psyc 103 Fall 95 The phenomenon o Essay Bipolar Disorder Psyc 103 Fall 95 The phenomenon of bipolar affective disorder has been a mystery since the 16th century. History has shown that this affliction can appear in almost anyone. Even the great painter Vincent Van Gogh is believed to have had bipolar disorder. It is clear that in our society many people live with bipolar disorder; however, despite the abundance of people suffering from the it, we are still waiting for definite explanations for the causes and cure. The one fact of which we are painfully aware is that bipolar disorder severely undermines its victims ability to obtain and maintain social and occupational success. Because bipolar disorder has such debilitating symptoms, it is imperative that we remain vigilant in the quest for explanations of its causes and treatment. Affective disorders are characterized by a smorgasbord of symptoms that can be broken into manic and depressive episodes. The depressive episodes are characterized by intense feelings of sadness and despair that can become feelings of hopelessness and helplessness. Some of the symptoms of a depressive episode include anhedonia, disturbances in sleep and appetite, psycomoter retardation, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, difficulty thinking, indecision, and recurrent thoughts of death and suicide (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). The manic episodes are characterized by elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, poor judgment and insight, and often reckless or irresponsible behavior (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). Bipolar affective disorder affects approximately one percent of the population (approximately three million people) in the United States. It is presented by both males and females. Bipolar disorder involves episodes of mania and depression. These episodes may alternate with profound depressions characterized by a pervasive sadness, almost inability to move, hopelessness, and disturbances in appetite, sleep, in concentrations and driving. Bipolar disorder is diagnosed if an episode of mania occurs whether depression has been diagnosed or not (Goodwin, Guze, 1989, p 11). Most commonly, individuals with manic episodes experience a period of depression. Symptoms include elated, expansive, or irritable mood, hyperactivity, pressure of speech, flight of ideas, inflated self esteem, decreased need for sleep, distractibility, and excessive involvement in reckless activities (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). Rarest symptoms were periods of loss of all interest and retardation or agitation (Weisman, 1991). As the National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association (MDMDA) has demonstrated, bipolar disorder can create substantial developmental delays, marital and family disruptions, occupational setbacks, and financial disasters. This devastating disease causes disruptions of families, loss of jobs and millions of dollars in cost to society. Many times bipolar patients report that the depressions are longer and increase in frequency as the individual ages. Many times bipolar states and psychotic states are misdiagnosed as schizophrenia. Speech patterns help distinguish between the two disorders (Lish, 1994). The onset of Bipolar disorder usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 30 years of age, with a second peak in the mid-forties for women. A typical bipolar patient may experience eight to ten episodes in their lifetime. However, those who have rapid cycling may experience more episodes of mania and depression that succeed each other without a period of remission (DSM III-R). The three stages of mania begin with hypomania, in which patients report that they are energetic, extroverted and assertive (Hirschfeld, 1995). The hypomania state has led observers to feel that bipolar patients are addicted to their mania. Hypomania progresses into mania and the transition is marked by loss of judgment (Hirschfeld, 1995). Often, euphoric grandiose characteristics are displayed, and paranoid or irritable characteristics begin to manifest. The third stage of mania is evident when the patient experiences delusions with often paranoid themes. Speech is generally rapid and hyperactive behavior manifests sometimes associated with violence (Hirschfeld, 1995). .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 , .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .postImageUrl , .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 , .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08:hover , .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08:visited , .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08:active { border:0!important; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08:active , .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08 .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2bed6840628b07fe584a1a6040565a08:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Agriculture In US Essay When both manic and depressive symptoms occur at the same time it is called a mixed episode. Those afflicted are a special risk because there is a combination of hopelessness, agitation, and anxiety that makes them feel like they could jump out of their skin(Hirschfeld, 1995). Up to 50% of all patients with mania have a mixture of depressed moods. Patients report feeling dysphoric, depressed, and unhappy; yet, they exhibit the energy associated with mania. Rapid cycling mania is another presentation .
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